{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,1,28]],"date-time":"2026-01-28T22:50:20Z","timestamp":1769640620723,"version":"3.49.0"},"reference-count":33,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"3-4","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2016,1,28]],"date-time":"2016-01-28T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1453939200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"funder":[{"name":"Municipality of Oppegard"},{"name":"Bergen University College, Norway"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Journal of Clinical Nursing"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2016,2]]},"abstract":"<jats:sec><jats:title>Aims and objectives<\/jats:title><jats:p>To investigate the effect of 30% sucrose compared with a placebo (water) as pain relief and comfort during immunisation of 15\u2010month\u2010old children in health care centres.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Background<\/jats:title><jats:p>Children experience different levels of pain and distress during immunisation. Sweet solutions function as pain relief during immunisation for infants up to one year of age. However, there are few studies of older children.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Design<\/jats:title><jats:p>An experimental design in which the participants (15\u2010month\u2010old infants) were randomly assigned to an intervention group that received a 30% sugar solution or a control group that received a placebo (water).<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title><jats:p>The study was performed at three health care centres in a large Norwegian municipality. The parents of all 15\u2010month\u2010old infants who were recommended for vaccination (for measles, mumps and rubella) between 5 September 2013 and 31 March 2014 were invited to have their infant participate. Duration of crying was the outcome measure.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Results<\/jats:title><jats:p>A total of 114 children were included (59 in the intervention group, 55 in the control group). The intervention group infants\u2019 crying was shorter (18\u00a0seconds mean) compared with the control group infants (33\u00a0seconds mean). The difference in crying duration between the groups was both statistically and clinically significant.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title><jats:p>This trial revealed that 30% sucrose orally has a calming and pain\u2010relieving effect on 15\u2010month\u2010old infants during immunisation.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Relevance to clinical practice<\/jats:title><jats:p>Public health nurses should use a 30% sucrose solution for pain relief during immunisation of 15\u2010month\u2010old infants.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1111\/jocn.13057","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2016,1,28]],"date-time":"2016-01-28T07:17:01Z","timestamp":1453965421000},"page":"372-380","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":10,"title":["The effect of sucrose as pain relief\/comfort during immunisation of 15\u2010month\u2010old children in health care centres: a randomised controlled trial"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"25","author":[{"given":"\u00c5shild Wik","family":"Despriee","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Diakonova College University Oslo Norway"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Eva","family":"Langeland","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Faculty of Health and Social Sciences Institute of Nursing Bergen University College Bergen Norway"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2016,1,28]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_13_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1001\/archpedi.1996.02170280040007"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_3_1","volume-title":"Health, Stress and Coping. 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