{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,18]],"date-time":"2026-08-18T01:12:53Z","timestamp":1787015573432,"version":"build-2736575974"},"reference-count":32,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"13-14","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2017,3,20]],"date-time":"2017-03-20T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1489968000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Journal of Clinical Nursing"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2017,7]]},"abstract":"<jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Aims and objectives<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>To explore the views of prison officers in an English category B male prison about people in prison being tested and treated for hepatitis C.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Background<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Hepatitis C testing and treatment in English prisons remain low with the reasons being poorly understood. Prison officers are in continuous contact with prisoners so might observe factors that may influence people in prisons\u2019 choice in whether to accept hepatitis C testing and treatment.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Design<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>A qualitative design within an interpretative framework was employed.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Semistructured interviews were conducted with 10 prison officers at an English male category B prison. The interviews were audiorecorded and transcribed at the prison.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      Four themes emerged\n                      <jats:italic>Safeguarding, Stigma, Confidentiality<\/jats:italic>\n                      and\n                      <jats:italic>Education<\/jats:italic>\n                      . Hepatitis C testing and treatment were supported in principle but if a person in prison poses a threat to the overall security of a prison, any health issues that are not immediately life threatening will be overridden, irrespective of the financial or health consequences. The prison officers respected people in prisons\u2019 confidentiality regarding health matters, but this could be compromised during violent incidents. All of the prison officers displayed limited knowledge about hepatitis C.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>This qualitative enquiry illustrates that prison security transcends health. This suggests that health providers may need to offer greater flexibility and collaboration across the network of National Health Service hospitals to maintain continuity in treatment if a prisoner is moved to a different establishment or liberated.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Relevance to clinical practice<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>This study introduces the notion that prison security staff may have a potential role in promoting or discouraging hepatitis C testing and treatment by the ways in which their knowledge impacts on their interactions with people in prison. Engaging this staff group in educational opportunities should be a component of commissioned hepatitis service delivery in prisons.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1111\/jocn.13489","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2016,8,3]],"date-time":"2016-08-03T11:24:07Z","timestamp":1470223447000},"page":"1861-1868","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":12,"title":["Prison officers\u2019 views about hepatitis C testing and treatment: a qualitative enquiry"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"26","author":[{"given":"Kathryn","family":"Jack","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Nottingham University Hospitals NHS Trust Nottingham UK"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Natalie","family":"Islip","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"HMP Lowdham Grange Nottingham UK"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Paul","family":"Linsley","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"University of East Anglia Norwich UK"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Brian","family":"Thomson","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Medicine and Health Sciences University of Nottingham Nottingham UK"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Anne","family":"Patterson","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Sociology and Social Policy University of Nottingham Nottingham UK"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2017,3,20]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_10_2_1","first-page":"3","article-title":"HIV testing in correctional institutions: evaluating existing strategies, setting new standards","volume":"20","author":"Basu S","year":"2005","journal-title":"Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome and Public Policy Journal"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/1077800404273413"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1191\/1478088706qp063oa"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_5_1","volume-title":"The Prison Community","author":"Clemmer D","year":"1940"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.4324\/9780203029053"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_7_1","volume-title":"Research Design. Qualitative, Quantitative, and Mixed Methods Approaches","author":"Creswell JW","year":"2009"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_8_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1468-2311.2005.00353.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_9_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1023\/B:PSAQ.0000007560.09475.a0"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_10_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/applin\/19.3.334"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_11_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/1471-2458-13-82"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_12_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S1542-3565(05)00183-7"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_13_1","first-page":"105","volume-title":"Handbook of Qualitative Research","author":"Guba EG","year":"1994"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_14_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/1357034X09347221"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_15_1","unstructured":"Health Protection Agency and Health Protection Services prison Network(2012)Health Protection Services 2012 Standards for HPUs in relation to HP in Prisons 2012. [online] Available at:http:\/\/webarchive.nationalarchives.gov.uk\/20140714084352\/http:\/\/www.hpa.org.uk\/webc\/HPAwebFile\/HPAweb_C\/1317135290134(Accessed 21 December 2015)."},{"key":"e_1_2_10_16_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/1471-2458-7-98"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_17_1","volume-title":"An Introduction to Phenomenological Psychology","author":"Kruger D","year":"1988"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_18_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/cid\/cis1202"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_19_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/00002800-200311000-00012"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_20_1","unstructured":"National Health Service (NHS) England(2013)National Partnership Agreement Between: The National Offender Management Service NHS England and Public Health England for the Co\u2010Commissioning and Delivery of Healthcare Services in Prisons in England. NHS England Publications Gateway Reference 00435 [online]. Available at:http:\/\/www.justice.gov.uk\/downloads\/about\/noms\/work-with-partners\/national-partnership-agreement-commissioning-delivery-healthcare-prisons2013.pdf(Accessed 8 June 2015)."},{"key":"e_1_2_10_21_1","unstructured":"National Institute for Health and Care Excellence(2012)Public Health Guidance 43: Hepatitis B and C: Ways to Promote and Offer Testing to People at Increased Risk of Infection[online]. Available at:http:\/\/www.nice.org.uk\/guidance\/ph43(Accessed 8 June 2015)."},{"key":"e_1_2_10_22_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/1077800413516269"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_23_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1108\/IJPH-04-2013-0019"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_24_1","unstructured":"Public Health England(2013)Shooting Up: Infections among People Who Inject Drugs in the United Kingdom 2012[online]. Available at:https:\/\/www.gov.uk\/government\/publications\/shooting-up-infections-among-people-who-inject-drugs-in-the-uk(Accessed 8 June 2015)."},{"key":"e_1_2_10_25_1","unstructured":"Public Health England(2014)Local Authority Liver Disease Profiles Nottingham[online]. Available at:http:\/\/www.endoflifecare-intelligence.org.uk\/profiles\/liver-disease\/E06000018.pdf(Accessed 8 June 2015)."},{"key":"e_1_2_10_26_1","volume-title":"Qualitative Research Practice. 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