{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,9,28]],"date-time":"2025-09-28T04:05:07Z","timestamp":1759032307280,"version":"3.37.3"},"reference-count":31,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"5-6","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2018,2,6]],"date-time":"2018-02-06T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1517875200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Journal of Clinical Nursing"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2018,3]]},"abstract":"<jats:sec><jats:title>Aim and objectives<\/jats:title><jats:p>To predict the risk factors related to newly diagnosed psychiatric disorders resulting from spinal cord injuries (<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">SCI<\/jats:styled-content>s).<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Background<\/jats:title><jats:p><jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">SCI<\/jats:styled-content>s are a common result of devastating accidents; they can have an essential negative impact on the psychological health of those so afflicted. Psychiatric disorders commonly occur worldwide and are often associated with pain and disability; however, few studies have investigated the risk factors of psychiatric disorders among persons with <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">SCI<\/jats:styled-content>s.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Design<\/jats:title><jats:p>A retrospective cohort study design with data obtained from the Taiwan Health Insurance Research Database (<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">THIRD<\/jats:styled-content>). <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">THIRD<\/jats:styled-content> involves the claims data on recipients recorded in the Taiwan National Health Insurance (<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">TNHI<\/jats:styled-content>), which was set up in 1995 and covers about 99% of the 23 million persons in Taiwan.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title><jats:p>We used <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">THIRD<\/jats:styled-content> to predict the risk factors related to newly diagnosed psychiatric disorders among victims of spinal cord injury.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Results<\/jats:title><jats:p>The majority of persons with <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">SCI<\/jats:styled-content> were men (51.2%), and their average age was 52.8\u00a0years. All 5,828 newly diagnosed psychiatric disorders were included from 1997\u20132009 in 64,907 <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">SCI<\/jats:styled-content> in the <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">THIRD<\/jats:styled-content> data set. These results demonstrated notable differences in hazard risk (<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">HR<\/jats:styled-content>); the injured persons were inspected for the level of <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">SCI<\/jats:styled-content>, age, hypertension and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">HR<\/jats:styled-content>: 1.637, 95% <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">CI<\/jats:styled-content>: 1.452\u20131.844, <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\u00a0&lt;\u00a0.0001; <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">HR<\/jats:styled-content>: 1.005, 95% <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">CI<\/jats:styled-content>: 1.002\u20131.009, <jats:italic>p\u00a0<\/jats:italic>=<jats:italic>\u00a0<\/jats:italic>.0019; <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">HR<\/jats:styled-content>: 0.724, 95% <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">CI<\/jats:styled-content>: 0.642\u20130.816; <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">HR<\/jats:styled-content>: 1.267, 95% <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">CI<\/jats:styled-content>: 1.105\u20131.454, <jats:italic>p\u00a0<\/jats:italic>=<jats:italic>\u00a0<\/jats:italic>.0007; <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">HR<\/jats:styled-content>: 1.368, 95% <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">CI<\/jats:styled-content>: 1.183\u20131.582, <jats:italic>p\u00a0<\/jats:italic>&lt;<jats:italic>\u00a0<\/jats:italic>.0001, respectively); the persons with <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">SCI<\/jats:styled-content> exhibited significant independent associations with psychiatric disorders.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title><jats:p>The results revealed that the level of <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">SCI<\/jats:styled-content>, female gender and age, respectively, affects the incidence of newly diagnosed psychiatric disorder related to <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">SCI<\/jats:styled-content>.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Relevance to clinical practice<\/jats:title><jats:p>This study showed that psychiatric disorders may be associated with the development of <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">SCI<\/jats:styled-content>, and that this risk was more predominant in females with <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">SCI<\/jats:styled-content>. Our results are of direct clinical relevance as they are meant to assist clinical assessment, counselling, guidance of symptomatic monitoring and early clinical intervention.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1111\/jocn.14139","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2017,10,27]],"date-time":"2017-10-27T10:41:05Z","timestamp":1509100865000},"source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":3,"title":["Risk factors associated with newly psychiatric disorder in spinal cord injury: A retrospective cohort study"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"27","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-8366-8986","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Ching\u2010Hui","family":"Chuang","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Nursing College of Medicine National Cheng Kung University Tainan Taiwan"},{"name":"Department of Nursing Chang Gung Memorial Hospital\u2010Kaohsiung Medical Center Niaosong, Kaohsiung Taiwan"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Chung\u2010Hey","family":"Chen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Nursing College of Medicine National Cheng Kung University Tainan Taiwan"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Chyi\u2010Huey","family":"Bai","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Public Health College of Public Health Taipei Medical University Taipei Taiwan"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Po\u2010Cheng","family":"Chen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation Chang Gung Memorial Hospital\u2010Kaohsiung Medical Center Chang Gung University College of Medicine Kaohsiung Taiwan"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Shih\u2010Chung","family":"Wu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Surgery Chang Gung Memorial Hospital\u2010Kaohsiung Medical Center Kaohsiung Taiwan"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Chun\u2010Hao","family":"Liu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Psychiatry Chang Gung Memorial Hospital\u2010Taoyuan Medical Center Chang Gung University College of Medicine Taoyuan Taiwan"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2018,2,6]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_11_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.18637\/jss.v042.i13"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/sc.2008.53"},{"issue":"2","key":"e_1_2_11_4_1","first-page":"145","article-title":"Anxiety and depression among traumatic spinal cord injured patients","volume":"17","author":"Al\u2010Owesie R. 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