{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,15]],"date-time":"2026-10-15T15:44:13Z","timestamp":1792079053043,"version":"4.4.0"},"reference-count":41,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"1-2","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2018,7,23]],"date-time":"2018-07-23T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1532304000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100004663","name":"Ministry of Science and Technology, Taiwan","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["MOST103\u20102314\u2010B\u2010715\u2010009\u2010MY2"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["MOST103\u20102314\u2010B\u2010715\u2010009\u2010MY2"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100004663","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Journal of Clinical Nursing"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2019,1]]},"abstract":"<jats:sec><jats:title>Aims and objectives<\/jats:title><jats:p>To explore and describe the experience of social adjustment of adolescents with Tourette syndrome in Taiwan.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Background<\/jats:title><jats:p>Although Tourette syndrome is a non\u2010life\u2010threatening disease, the inherent difficulties in controlling tics and comorbidities can cause long\u2010term physical and psychological issues, as well as social maladjustment among adolescents. Good social adjustment can promote mental health among adolescents. Currently, it is not clear how adolescents with Tourette syndrome can self\u2010adjust and maintain harmonious social interaction with others.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Design<\/jats:title><jats:p>Descriptive phenomenological approach was used in this study. Four criteria were applied to establish the trustworthiness or methodological rigour.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title><jats:p>Sixteen adolescents with Tourette syndrome were recruited by purposive sampling from a medical centre in Northern Taiwan. Semistructured one\u2010on\u2010one interviews were performed from March 2014\u2013April 2015 for data collection. Every participant was interviewed once or twice, and each interview lasted for duration of around 60\u201390\u00a0min. Data were analysed with Giorgi's phenomenological method for data analysis.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Results<\/jats:title><jats:p>Three themes were identified from the adolescent\u2019 interviews. The themes were included visible and invisible destitution, moulding a socially acceptable self and coexisting friends and foes.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title><jats:p>Adolescents with Tourette syndrome experienced that tics are often not understood nor accepted during social interactions with others. However, with age and autonomy of adolescents, they were able to adjust and develop a socially acceptable body image and maintain amicable social interactions with others. Accompanied by positive thinking, support from friends and families, the adolescents could achieve good social adjustments for living with Tourette syndrome.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Relevance to clinical practice<\/jats:title><jats:p>The experiences and feelings highlighted in this study can bring awareness to nurses and healthcare professionals for developing interventions that promote healthy social adjustment and mental health for adolescents with Tourette syndrome.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1111\/jocn.14564","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2018,6,12]],"date-time":"2018-06-12T09:32:46Z","timestamp":1528795966000},"page":"279-288","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":30,"title":["Social adjustment experiences of adolescents with Tourette syndrome"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"28","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-1276-3235","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Mei\u2010Yin","family":"Lee","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Nursing National Taipei University of Nursing and Health Sciences Taipei City Taiwan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Huei\u2010Shyong","family":"Wang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Pediatric Neurology College of Medicine Chang Gung Children's Hospital Chang Gung University Taoyuan Taiwan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Chen\u2010Jung","family":"Chen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Nursing Mackay Medical College New Taipei City Taiwan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Mei\u2010Hua","family":"Lee","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Nursing Department Tao Shin Hospital Taoyuan City Taiwan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2018,7,23]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_12_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1176\/appi.books.9780890425596"},{"issue":"41","key":"e_1_2_12_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"215","DOI":"10.1017\/S0021963099005156","article-title":"Social and emotional adjustment in children affected with Gilles de la Tourette's syndrome: Associations with ADHD and family functioning","volume":"2","author":"Carter A. 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