{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,12]],"date-time":"2026-03-12T06:01:37Z","timestamp":1773295297995,"version":"3.50.1"},"reference-count":23,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"7-8","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2019,1,7]],"date-time":"2019-01-07T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1546819200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Journal of Clinical Nursing"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2019,4]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:sec><jats:title>Aims and objectives<\/jats:title><jats:p>To test the method of self\u2010 and external assessment as a feedback system to decrease illegibility and incorrectness of handwritten prescriptions and to reduce additional workload for nursing staff.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Background<\/jats:title><jats:p>Illegibility and incorrectness of handwritten prescriptions occur very often and are the most crucial factors affecting patient safety.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Design<\/jats:title><jats:p>Self\u2010 versus external assessment using a 15 items checklist.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title><jats:p>Nurses randomly selected five fever charts of their wards. Each fever chart was self\u2010 as well as externally assessed. Nurses and doctors took part in the self\u2010assessment, and the external assessment was performed by external experts. According to a monitor suspension system, assessment results were considered \u201cgreen,\u201d \u201cyellow\u201d or \u201cred.\u201d After the first assessment and issuing feedback of the results \u201cred\u201d scored wards by the external assessment, additional trainings were performed. Thereafter, a second assessment was performed to rate eligibility and completeness of prescriptions. The research and reporting methodology followed <jats:sc>squire<\/jats:sc> 2.0.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Results<\/jats:title><jats:p>In total, 580 fever charts were self\u2010 as well as externally assessed (290 in each of the two assessment periods). Out of the 58 participating wards, 31 were surgical and 27 were non\u2010surgical wards. Averaging over all checklist items, surgical and non\u2010surgical wards improved only slightly over time. Linear regression models for ward means showed that there were significant improvements over time for non\u2010surgical wards.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title><jats:p>This method directly involves those who commit errors and stimulate learning from errors. The approach of self\u2010 and external assessment was a useful instrument to detect inadequate prescriptions and to monitor improvements.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Relevance to clinical practice<\/jats:title><jats:p>Significant improvements were achieved regarding correctness and legibility of handwritten prescription and helped to decrease additional workload for nursing staff and thereby enhanced patient safety.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1111\/jocn.14736","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2018,12,16]],"date-time":"2018-12-16T10:35:03Z","timestamp":1544956503000},"page":"1242-1250","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":8,"title":["A new approach of assessing patient safety aspects in routine practice using the example of \u201cdoctors handwritten prescriptions\u201d"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"28","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-6538-3116","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Gerald","family":"Sendlhofer","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Research Unit for Safety in Health, c\/o Division of Plastic, Aesthetic and Reconstructive Surgery, Department of Surgery Medical University of Graz Graz Austria"},{"name":"Executive Department for Quality and Risk Management University Hospital Graz Graz Austria"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Gudrun","family":"Pregartner","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute for Medical Informatics, Statistics and Documentation Medical University of Graz Graz Austria"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Veronika","family":"Gombotz","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Executive Department for Quality and Risk Management University Hospital Graz Graz Austria"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Karina","family":"Leitgeb","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Executive Department for Quality and Risk Management University Hospital Graz Graz Austria"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Peter","family":"Tiefenbacher","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Executive Department for Quality and Risk Management University Hospital Graz Graz Austria"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Lydia","family":"Jantscher","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Executive Department for Quality and Risk Management University Hospital Graz Graz Austria"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Christian","family":"Richter","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Executive Department for Quality and Risk Management University Hospital Graz Graz Austria"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Magdalena","family":"Hoffmann","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Research Unit for Safety in Health, c\/o Division of Plastic, Aesthetic and Reconstructive Surgery, Department of Surgery Medical University of Graz Graz Austria"},{"name":"Executive Department for Quality and Risk Management University Hospital Graz Graz Austria"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Lars P.","family":"Kamolz","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Research Unit for Safety in Health, c\/o Division of Plastic, Aesthetic and Reconstructive Surgery, Department of Surgery Medical University of Graz Graz Austria"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Gernot","family":"Brunner","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Research Unit for Safety in Health, c\/o Division of Plastic, Aesthetic and Reconstructive Surgery, Department of Surgery Medical University of Graz Graz Austria"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2019,1,7]]},"reference":[{"issue":"6","key":"e_1_2_13_2_1","first-page":"485","article-title":"A comparison of two instruments for the assessment of legibility of prescriptions in a developing country","volume":"8","author":"Akoria O.","year":"2009","journal-title":"Tropical Journal of Pharmaceutical Research"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jsps.2013.11.003"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/01.QMH.0000281057.92305.57"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/20786190.2016.1254932"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_6_1","unstructured":"Bruner A. &Kasdan M. L.(n.d.).Handwriting errors: Harmful wasteful and preventable. Retrieved fromhttp:\/\/citeseerx.ist.psu.edu\/viewdoc\/download?doi=10.1.1.510.4590&rep=rep1&type=pdf"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_7_1","unstructured":"Bundesgesetz(1998).Gesamte Rechtsvorschrift f\u00fcr \u00c4rztegesetz. Rechtsinformationssystem. Retrieved fromhttps:\/\/www.ris.bka.gv.at\/GeltendeFassung\/Bundesnormen\/10011138\/ArzteG1998%2CFassungvom22.02.2018.pdf"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_8_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1001\/jama.296.9.1094"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_9_1","article-title":"Causes of prescribing errors in hospital inpatients: A prospective study","author":"Dean B.","year":"2002","journal-title":"Lancet"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_10_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/pgmj.2011.117879"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_11_1","first-page":"1e","article-title":"Does an education intervention improve physician signature legibility? Pilot study of a prospective chart review","volume":"8","author":"Glisson J. K.","year":"2011","journal-title":"Perspectives in Health Information Management"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_12_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1445-5994.2007.01518.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_13_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/jep.12535"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_14_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.5530\/ijopp.10.4.54"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_15_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s11845-017-1556-5"},{"issue":"11","key":"e_1_2_13_16_1","first-page":"38","article-title":"Doctor\u2019s handwriting: A review","volume":"1","author":"Naik S. B.","year":"2016","journal-title":"Manipal Journal of Medical Sciences MJMS"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_17_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1200\/JOP.2017.026427"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_18_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.eswa.2017.01.027"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_19_1","unstructured":"Scanlin A.(2013).The federal government physicians and consumers all have active roles to play in reducing medication errors that so often result in adverse drug events and a high cost burden. 26 BioSupply Trends Quarterly. Retrieved fromhttp:\/\/www.bstquarterly.com\/Assets\/downloads\/BSTQ\/Articles\/BSTQ_2013-04_AR_Reducing-the-Risks-of-Medication-Errors.pdf"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_20_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/1472-6963-14-303"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_21_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.fjps.2017.03.001"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_22_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/014107680609901219"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_23_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/postgradmedj-2017-134848"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_24_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/bmjqs-2017-007578"}],"container-title":["Journal of Clinical Nursing"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/api.wiley.com\/onlinelibrary\/tdm\/v1\/articles\/10.1111%2Fjocn.14736","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1111\/jocn.14736","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1111\/jocn.14736","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2023,9,11]],"date-time":"2023-09-11T17:26:44Z","timestamp":1694453204000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/10.1111\/jocn.14736"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2019,1,7]]},"references-count":23,"journal-issue":{"issue":"7-8","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2019,4]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1111\/jocn.14736"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1111\/jocn.14736","archive":["Portico"],"relation":{},"ISSN":["0962-1067","1365-2702"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0962-1067","type":"print"},{"value":"1365-2702","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2019,1,7]]},"assertion":[{"value":"2018-09-09","order":0,"name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"2018-12-04","order":1,"name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"2019-01-07","order":2,"name":"published","label":"Published","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}}]}}