{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,5,14]],"date-time":"2025-05-14T01:33:47Z","timestamp":1747186427137,"version":"3.40.5"},"reference-count":27,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"15-16","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2019,5,1]],"date-time":"2019-05-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1556668800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001868","name":"National Science Council","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["NSC 101-2314-B-037-038"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["NSC 101-2314-B-037-038"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001868","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Journal of Clinical Nursing"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2019,8]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:sec><jats:title>Aims and objectives<\/jats:title><jats:p>To test the construct and concurrent validity and reliability of the incident\u2010reporting attitude scale used for staff in long\u2010term care facilities (IRA\u2010LTC) by the two\u2010phase cross\u2010validation method.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Background<\/jats:title><jats:p>Lack of accurate measurement on incident\u2010reporting attitude might hinder improvements of safety practice in long\u2010term care facilities.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Design\/Methods<\/jats:title><jats:p>A two\u2010phase cross\u2010sectional questionnaire survey was conducted in Taiwan. A fixed proportion of long\u2010term care facilities were randomly selected that included 20 and 15 long\u2010term care facilities at phases one and two separately. Nursing and administrative staffs in these facilities were recruited at the first phase (<jats:italic>N<\/jats:italic>\u00a0=\u00a0207) for testing the validity and reliability of the newly developed scale and for cross\u2010validation of the scale at the second phase (<jats:italic>N<\/jats:italic>\u00a0=\u00a0251). The scale of IRA\u2010LTC was a self\u2010developed structured questionnaire consisting of 31 items. The data were analysed using<jats:sc>spss<\/jats:sc>for Windows 20.0 and AMOS 24.0. Descriptive statistics, correlation analysis, Cronbach's<jats:italic>\u03b1<\/jats:italic>, exploratory and confirmatory factory analysis were carried to examine the homogeneity of items, reliability, construct and concurrent validity. The STROBE checklist was adhered (See Appendix S1).<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Results<\/jats:title><jats:p>The IRA\u2010LTC scale comprised two dimensions: \u201ccognition and intention to report\u201d and \u201cbarriers to report.\u201d The two\u2010factor structure explained 60.20%\u201361.89% of the total variance at two phases. Validation of the initial factorial model gained at the first phase was satisfactorily supported at the second phase. Concurrent validity of the IRA\u2010LTC scale was satisfied.<\/jats:p><jats:p>Cronbach's<jats:italic>\u03b1<\/jats:italic>for the scale and subscales was 0.94\u20130.97.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title><jats:p>This IRA\u2010LTC scale is valid and reliable and can be recommended to evaluate the incident\u2010reporting attitude among all kinds of staff in long\u2010term care facilities.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Relevance to clinical practice<\/jats:title><jats:p>Positive incident\u2010reporting attitude can lead to positive incident\u2010reporting behaviour. Using the IRA\u2010LTC scale for assessing staff's incident\u2010reporting attitude is recommended as the first step to enhance staff's safety performance in long\u2010term care facilities.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1111\/jocn.14869","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2019,4,2]],"date-time":"2019-04-02T09:45:25Z","timestamp":1554198325000},"page":"2858-2867","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":4,"title":["A cross\u2010validation study of the incident\u2010reporting attitude scale for staff in long\u2010term care facilities\u2014A cross\u2010sectional study"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"28","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-5402-4014","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Shu\u2010Yuan","family":"Lin","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"College of Nursing Kaohsiung Medical University Kaohsiung Taiwan"},{"name":"Department of Medical Research Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital Kaohsiung Taiwan"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Hui\u2010Ching","family":"Yang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"College of Nursing National Tainan Junior College of Nursing Tainan Taiwan"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-1276-4409","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Hui\u2010Ying","family":"Chiang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Nursing Department Chi Mei Medical Center Yung Kang Taiwan"},{"name":"College of Humanities and Social Sciences Southern Taiwan University of Science and Technology Tainan Taiwan"},{"name":"Department of Nursing Chang Jung Christian University Tainan Taiwan"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-1736-0307","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Shu\u2010Li","family":"Lee","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"College of Nursing Kaohsiung Medical University Kaohsiung Taiwan"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2019,5]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_11_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/intqhc\/mzs081"},{"issue":"3","key":"e_1_2_11_3_1","first-page":"18","article-title":"Patient safety culture: A review of the nursing home literature and recommendations for practice","volume":"16","author":"Bonner A. 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