{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,12,17]],"date-time":"2025-12-17T08:27:18Z","timestamp":1765960038858,"version":"3.40.5"},"reference-count":36,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"15-16","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2019,5,6]],"date-time":"2019-05-06T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1557100800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001809","name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["81371244"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["81371244"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001809","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Journal of Clinical Nursing"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2019,8]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:sec><jats:title>Aims and objectives<\/jats:title><jats:p>To determine midwives' preference for \u201cHands\u2010on\u201d and \u201cHands\u2010off\/poised\u201d methods and to explore the impact factors.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Background<\/jats:title><jats:p>With the increasing rate of obstetric anal sphincter injuries, great controversy surrounds the \u201cHands\u2010on\u201d or \u201cHands\u2010off\u201d method during childbirth to decrease obstetric anal sphincter injuries incidence. Without regular records and related research, determining the use of this technique in China is difficult.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Design<\/jats:title><jats:p>This study used a quantitative study design, following the EQUATOR guidelines (STROBE).<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title><jats:p>A nationwide cross\u2010sectional online survey was conducted using respondent\u2010driven sampling across 31 provinces in China from 1st October 2017\u201331st December 2017. A total of 6,425 midwives were involved. Descriptive analyses, chi\u2010square test and binary logistic regression were undertaken.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Results<\/jats:title><jats:p>A total of 5,225 questionnaires were returned; 55.8% of the participants preferred the \u201cHands\u2010off\/poised\u201d method. The impact factors included hospital categories, total work experience in a birth unit in years, theoretical education and skill training. In the study, for situations with increased OASI risk, 100% of the midwives in the \u201cHands\u2010off\u201d group expressed willingness to change to the \u201cHands\u2010on\u201d method whether there was concern about impending obstetric anal sphincter injuries.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title><jats:p>The \u201cHands\u2010off\/poised\u201d method is heavily practised by Chinese midwives. However, majority of the midwives adopt \u201cHands\u2010on\u201d method in the face of high risk for obstetric anal sphincter injuries. Further studies are needed to determine the association between obstetric anal sphincter injuries rate and perineal management for low\u2010risk birth.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Relevance to clinical practice<\/jats:title><jats:p>The result indirectly illustrates the application of \u201cHands\u2010off\/poised\u201d technique in China and provides evidence for the international midwifery organisation to understand the status of Chinese midwifery to some extent. It also provides the latest data for further study of these two methods and the study of the relationship between hands\u2010off\/poised method and obstetric anal sphincter injuries.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1111\/jocn.14879","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2019,4,2]],"date-time":"2019-04-02T17:34:16Z","timestamp":1554226456000},"page":"2889-2898","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":6,"title":["'Hands\u2010off\/poised' or 'Hands\u2010on' method among Chinese midwives: A cross\u2010sectional survey"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"28","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-4799-9355","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Xuan","family":"Zhou","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Women's Hospital School of Medicine Zhejiang University Hangzhou China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Dong\u2010Mei","family":"Ma","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Women's Hospital School of Medicine Zhejiang University Hangzhou China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Fang","family":"Wang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Women's Hospital School of Medicine Zhejiang University Hangzhou China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Yanping","family":"Tian","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Women's Hospital School of Medicine Zhejiang University Hangzhou China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Xinfen","family":"Xu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Women's Hospital School of Medicine Zhejiang University Hangzhou China"},{"name":"Haining Maternal and Child Health Hospital Jiaxing China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2019,5,6]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_11_2_1","first-page":"CD006672","article-title":"Perineal techniques during the second stage of labour for reducing perineal trauma","volume":"6","author":"Aasheim V.","year":"2017","journal-title":"The Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/ajo.12330"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.midw.2018.02.001"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/ajo.12672"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/1471-0528.13431"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_7_1","first-page":"1401","article-title":"Clinical evidence. 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