{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,2,10]],"date-time":"2026-02-10T18:08:10Z","timestamp":1770746890401,"version":"3.49.0"},"reference-count":38,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"17-18","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2020,7,2]],"date-time":"2020-07-02T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1593648000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100003395","name":"Shanghai Municipal Education Commission","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["Hlgy1801dxk"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["Hlgy1801dxk"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100003395","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Journal of Clinical Nursing"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2020,9]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:sec><jats:title>Aims and objectives<\/jats:title><jats:p>To develop a Chinese version of Auditory Hallucination Risk Assessment Scale and evaluate its psychometric properties.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Background<\/jats:title><jats:p>Auditory hallucination, a common symptom in schizophrenia, has the potential to cause harm to patients and the people around them. However, there has been a paucity of suitable instrument developed in Asian region that can comprehensively and reliably assess its risk and inform interventions.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Design<\/jats:title><jats:p>This study involved 2 stages, the development of the Auditory Hallucination Risk Assessment Scale (AHRAS) and testing the psychometric properties of AHRAS. We followed STROBE guidelines in reporting the study.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title><jats:p>Auditory Hallucination Risk Assessment Scale items were developed based on Symptom Management Theory, systematic literature review and findings of a qualitative study on the experience of auditory hallucinations. The items were evaluated by content validity. Auditory Hallucination Risk Assessment Scale was then tested for construct validity, concurrent validity, predictive validity, internal consistency and test\u2013retest reliability in a convenience sample of 156 patients with a diagnosis of schizophrenia.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Results<\/jats:title><jats:p>The final version of AHRAS has nine items. Two factors were extracted from AHRAS, which explained 57.74% of the total variance. The score of AHRAS was strongly correlated with that of the Psychotic Symptom Rating Scales\u2010Auditory Hallucinations. The area under the curve was 0.90 for the overall AHRAS score. Sensitivity (86.5%) and specificity (80.0%) were maximal for a mean overall AHRAS score of 13.5, suggesting that this is an appropriate threshold for differentiation. Cronbach's alpha coefficient for internal consistency was 0.82, and intra\u2010class correlation coefficient for test\u2013retest reliability was 0.84.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title><jats:p>Auditory Hallucination Risk Assessment Scale has good reliability and validity. It can be used in clinical settings in China and beyond to assess the risk of auditory hallucinations.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Relevance to clinical practice<\/jats:title><jats:p>Auditory Hallucination Risk Assessment Scale can serve as a tool for nurses and other healthcare professionals to identify patients with high\u2010risk auditory hallucinations, monitor the changes of risk and inform nursing interventions.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1111\/jocn.15379","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2020,6,25]],"date-time":"2020-06-25T05:34:57Z","timestamp":1593063297000},"page":"3414-3424","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":6,"title":["Development and psychometric evaluation of a Chinese version of auditory hallucination risk assessment scale in patients with a diagnosis of schizophrenia"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"29","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-7757-3729","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Xingxing","family":"Wang","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Nursing Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine Affiliated Shanghai Mental Health Center Shanghai China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-9283-6742","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Wenwen","family":"Qi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Psychogeriatrics Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine Affiliated Shanghai Mental Health Center Shanghai China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-5484-4645","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Sally","family":"Chan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Singapore campus University of Newcastle Callaghan NSW Australia"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-6653-2574","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Zhongying","family":"Shi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Nursing Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine Affiliated Shanghai Mental Health Center Shanghai China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2020,7,2]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_14_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/14789940500485078"},{"key":"e_1_2_14_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1192\/bjp.177.3.229"},{"key":"e_1_2_14_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1037\/0033-2909.112.1.155"},{"key":"e_1_2_14_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1046\/j.1365-2648.2001.01697.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_14_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.4162\/nrp.2020.14.1.20"},{"key":"e_1_2_14_7_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/s12875-018-0763-0"},{"key":"e_1_2_14_8_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/bjc.12139"},{"key":"e_1_2_14_9_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.schres.2009.03.031"},{"key":"e_1_2_14_10_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s10943-019-00970-z"},{"key":"e_1_2_14_11_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3928\/02793695-20100304-03"},{"key":"e_1_2_14_12_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1017\/S0033291799008661"},{"key":"e_1_2_14_13_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1440-1819.2004.01316.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_14_14_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/cpp.561"},{"key":"e_1_2_14_15_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1001\/archpsyc.60.1.49"},{"key":"e_1_2_14_16_1","first-page":"1","article-title":"The Delphi technique: Making sense of consensus","volume":"12","author":"Hsu C.","year":"2007","journal-title":"Practical Assessment, Research & Evaluation"},{"key":"e_1_2_14_17_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.nedt.2017.05.017"},{"key":"e_1_2_14_18_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s11096-019-00871-x"},{"key":"e_1_2_14_19_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.psychres.2017.10.003"},{"issue":"9","key":"e_1_2_14_20_1","first-page":"35","article-title":"Treatment resistant schizophrenic patients","volume":"57","author":"Kane J. 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