{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,2]],"date-time":"2026-07-02T09:05:49Z","timestamp":1782983149051,"version":"3.54.5"},"reference-count":63,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2022,5,9]],"date-time":"2022-05-09T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1652054400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Journal of Clinical Nursing"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2024,1]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:sec><jats:title>Aims<\/jats:title><jats:p>To investigate the health\u2010related quality of life (HRQoL), symptoms, psychological and cognitive state and pulmonary and physical function of nonhospitalised COVID\u201019 patients at long\u2010term, and to identify factors to predict a poor HRQoL in this follow\u2010up.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Background<\/jats:title><jats:p>Studies have focused on persistent symptoms of hospitalised COVID\u201019 patients in the medium term. Thus, long\u2010term studies of nonhospitalised patients are urgently required.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Design<\/jats:title><jats:p>A longitudinal cohort study.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title><jats:p>In 102 nonhospitalised COVID\u201019 patients, we collected symptoms at 3\u00a0months (baseline) and at 6\u20137\u00a0months (follow\u2010up) from diagnosis (dyspnoea, fatigue\/muscle weakness and chest\/joint pain), HRQoL, psychological state, cognitive function, pulmonary and physical function. This study adhered to the STROBE statement.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Results<\/jats:title><jats:p>HRQoL was impaired in almost 60% of the sample and remained impaired 6\u20137\u00a0months. At 3\u00a0months, more than 60% had impaired physical function (fatigue\/muscle weakness and reduced leg and inspiratory muscle strength). About 40%\u201356% of the sample showed an altered psychological state (post\u2010traumatic stress disorder (PTSD), anxiety\/depression), cognitive function impairment and dyspnoea. At 6\u20137\u2010months, only a slight improvement in dyspnoea and physical and cognitive function was observed, with a very high proportion of the sample (29%\u201355%) remained impaired. Impaired HRQoL at 6\u20137\u00a0months was predicted with 82.4% accuracy (86.7% sensitivity and 83.3% specificity) by the presence at 3\u00a0months of muscle fatigue\/muscle weakness (OR\u00a0=\u00a05.7 (1.8\u201318.1)), PTSD (OR\u00a0=\u00a06.0 (1.7\u201320.7)) and impaired HRQoL (OR\u00a0=\u00a011.7 (3.7\u201336.8)).<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title><jats:p>A high proportion of nonhospitalised patients with COVID\u201019 experience an impaired HRQoL, cognitive and psychological function at long\u2010term. HRQoL, PTSD and dyspnoea at 3\u00a0months can identify the majority of patients with COVID\u201019 who will have impaired quality of life at long\u2010term.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Relevance to clinical practice<\/jats:title><jats:p>Treatments aimed at improving psychological state and reducing the fatigue\/muscle weakness of post\u2010COVID\u201019 patients could be necessary to prevent the patients\u2019 HRQoL from being impaired at 6\u20137\u00a0months after their reported recovery.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1111\/jocn.16352","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2022,5,10]],"date-time":"2022-05-10T05:11:23Z","timestamp":1652159483000},"page":"89-102","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":26,"title":["Longitudinal study of changes observed in quality of life, psychological state cognition and pulmonary and functional capacity after COVID\u201019 infection: A six\u2010 to seven\u2010month prospective cohort"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"33","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-3144-5411","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Tamara","family":"del Corral","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Radiology, Rehabilitation and Physiotherapy Faculty of Nursing, Physiotherapy and Podiatry Universidad Complutense de Madrid (UCM) IdISSC  Madrid Spain"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Noem\u00ed","family":"Menor\u2010Rodr\u00edguez","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Departamento de Fisioterapia Facultad de Ciencias de la Salud Centro Superior de Estudios Universitarios La Salle Universidad Aut\u00f3noma de Madrid  Madrid Spain"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Sara","family":"Fern\u00e1ndez\u2010Vega","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Departamento de Fisioterapia Facultad de Ciencias de la Salud Centro Superior de Estudios Universitarios La Salle Universidad Aut\u00f3noma de Madrid  Madrid Spain"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Celia","family":"D\u00edaz\u2010Ramos","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Departamento de Fisioterapia Facultad de Ciencias de la Salud Centro Superior de Estudios Universitarios La Salle Universidad Aut\u00f3noma de Madrid  Madrid Spain"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Sandra","family":"Aguilar\u2010Zafra","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Departamento de Fisioterapia Facultad de Ciencias de la Salud Motion in Brains Research Group Centro Superior de Estudios Universitarios La Salle Universidad Aut\u00f3noma de Madrid  Madrid Spain"},{"name":"T\u00e9xum S.L Physiotherapy Center  Coslada, Madrid Spain"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-7474-5257","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Ibai","family":"L\u00f3pez\u2010de\u2010Uralde\u2010Villanueva","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Radiology, Rehabilitation and Physiotherapy Faculty of Nursing, Physiotherapy and Podiatry Universidad Complutense de Madrid (UCM) IdISSC  Madrid Spain"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2022,5,9]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_11_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0219041"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1183\/13993003.04015\u20102020"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_4_1","first-page":"79","article-title":"The Spanish version of EuroQol: A description and its applications. 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