{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,4]],"date-time":"2026-05-04T20:31:21Z","timestamp":1777926681869,"version":"3.51.4"},"reference-count":26,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"11-12","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2022,5,20]],"date-time":"2022-05-20T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1653004800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100006245","name":"Ministry of Science and Technology, Israel","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["MOST 107\u20102320\u2010B\u2010038 \u2010018 \u2010MY2. 2018\u20102020"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["MOST 107\u20102320\u2010B\u2010038 \u2010018 \u2010MY2. 2018\u20102020"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100006245","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Journal of Clinical Nursing"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2023,6]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:sec><jats:title>Aims<\/jats:title><jats:p>To evaluate the effectiveness of the cold intervention on relieving migraine symptoms among adult patients with migraine.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Designs<\/jats:title><jats:p>A systematic review and meta\u2010analysis of randomised controlled trials (RCT) and non\u2010RCT studies were performed.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Data Sources<\/jats:title><jats:p>We searched five electronic databases including Cochrane Library and Cochrane CENTRAL, Embase, MEDLINE, Scopus and CINAHL from the date of inception to March 2021.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Review Methods<\/jats:title><jats:p>Research was eligible for the systematic review if they included adult patients with migraine, using cold regimen as intervention, and outcomes measuring the symptom alleviation of migraine. Two researchers independently conducted the searching process and data extraction. The certainty of evidence was assessed using GRADE approach to the main outcomes was used. The PRISMA checklist was used to assure the quality and transparency of report.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Results<\/jats:title><jats:p>Six studies (4 RCTs and 2 non\u2010RCTs) met the inclusion criteria. The cold interventions on migraine alleviation include a cold\u2010gel headband, cold\u2010gel cap, intraoral cooling, skin temperature biofeedback and cold wrap accompanied by massage. Compared to non\u2010cold regimens, the cold interventions had a short\u2010term effect on reducing migraine pain rated on the Visual Analog Scale (VAS) score at 30\u00a0min after intervention (Std. mean difference [SMD] \u22123.21; 95% CI \u22125.94, \u22120.48). Compared to the non\u2010cold regimens, the cold interventions had marginal long\u2010term effects on relieving migraine pain VAS score (SMD \u22120.44; 95% CI \u22120.91, 0.03) and nausea (SMD \u22120.56; 95% CI \u22121.17, 0.04) (24\u00a0h after intervention). The GRADE indicated that the certainty of evidence was rated from very low to moderate. Insufficient results on the outcomes of nausea and vomiting were discovered for the meta\u2010analysis.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title><jats:p>Cold intervention is an effective regimen to reduce migraine pain instantly. The long\u2010term effect of cold interventions on migraine is not demonstrated. The effects of cold interventions on nausea and vomiting need more studies to verify.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1111\/jocn.16368","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2022,5,21]],"date-time":"2022-05-21T04:49:11Z","timestamp":1653108551000},"page":"2455-2465","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":9,"title":["Cold intervention for relieving migraine symptoms: A systematic review and meta\u2010analysis"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"32","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-6426-1021","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Yu\u2010Yun","family":"Hsu","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Nursing College of Medicine National Cheng Kung University  Tainan City Taiwan"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Chen\u2010Ju","family":"Chen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Nursing Department National Cheng Kung University Hospital  Taiwan"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Szu\u2010Han","family":"Wu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Nursing College of Medicine National Cheng Kung University  Taiwan"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-9772-482X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Kee\u2010Hsin","family":"Chen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Post\u2010Baccalaureate Program in Nursing College of Nursing &amp; Cochrane Taiwan Taipei Medical University  Taipei Taiwan"},{"name":"Department of Nursing &amp; Center for Nursing and Healthcare Research in Clinical Practice Application Wan Fang Hospital Taipei Medical University  Taipei Taiwan"},{"name":"Evidence\u2010based Knowledge Translation Center Wan Fang Hospital Taipei Medical University  Taipei Taiwan"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2022,5,20]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_12_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/head.13456"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/s0140\u20106736(20)32160\u20107"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ncl.2019.06.001"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/00325481.1986.11699255"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/0333102419828967"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_7_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/2150132720963680"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_8_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1212\/01.wnl.0000073625.47296.89"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_9_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S1474\u20104422(14)70220\u20100"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_10_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1526\u20104610.2004.04143.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_11_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/00132580\u2010200111000\u201000003"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_12_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140\u20106736(20)30925\u20109"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_13_1","unstructured":"GRADEpro GDT. 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