{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,23]],"date-time":"2026-04-23T05:31:21Z","timestamp":1776922281924,"version":"3.51.2"},"reference-count":59,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"15-16","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2023,2,26]],"date-time":"2023-02-26T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1677369600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Journal of Clinical Nursing"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2023,8]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:sec><jats:title>Aims<\/jats:title><jats:p>To examine the existing literature on child\u2013parent\u2010nurse relationships (in relation to communication, information, and involvement and decision\u2010making) during postoperative pain management.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Background<\/jats:title><jats:p>Pain in children is under\u2010reported and under\u2010treated in hospitals and research has continued to report high rates of pain among hospitalised children worldwide. The role of child\u2013parent\u2010nurse relationships may be a factor and to date, no review has been identified that focus on these relationships during postoperative pain management.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Design<\/jats:title><jats:p>A systematic scoping review following Arksey and O'Malley with further adaptations based on JBI.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title><jats:p>A systematic search for published primary studies was conducted using the Medline, CINAHL, British Nursing Index, ASSIA, PsycINFO, Science Direct and Web of Science in English from 2000 to 2022. Two reviewers independently carried out data screening and extraction and any differences were resolved with the assistance of a third reviewer. The data were analysed using thematic analysis and presented descriptively. This study followed the PRISMA\u2010ScR Checklist.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Results<\/jats:title><jats:p>A total of 37 studies met the inclusion criteria. The findings mainly demonstrated a focus on the perspectives of parents and nurses with less on children's perspectives and none of the studies explored child\u2010nurse relationships. The findings were categorised under three themes: communication, information, and involvement and decision making.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title><jats:p>A prevailing deficiency in child\u2013parent\u2010nurse relationships significantly contributed to suboptimal postoperative pain care, causing prolonged and untreated postoperative pain in children. Children's hesitation in communicating with nurses, the limited communication skills of nurses, and the weak communication position of parents in a hospital setting all hindered the development of strong relationships between children, parents, and nurses. The unclear definition of the roles of children and parents in postoperative pain management resulted in confusion for both parents and nurses. This was exacerbated by parents' lack of knowledge and inadequate guidance from nurses, ultimately leading to a decreased level of parental involvement in their child's postoperative pain management while in the hospital. Unattended requests for pain management caused children to experience prolonged pain and led to a deterioration in the relationship between parents and nurses, as well as a reduction in the parents' ability to provide pain care to their child.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Relevance to Clinical Practice<\/jats:title><jats:p>This study highlights the reasons behind the suboptimal management of postoperative pain in children. The importance of the relationship between children, parents, and nurses in pain management must be acknowledged, and the results of this study may be used to inform improvements in nursing pain management practices.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>No Patient or Public Contribution<\/jats:title><jats:p>Patient or public contribution is not a necessary stage in a systematic scoping review following Arksey and O'Malley's framework.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1111\/jocn.16655","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2023,2,26]],"date-time":"2023-02-26T09:08:31Z","timestamp":1677402511000},"page":"4337-4361","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":16,"title":["Communication, information, involvement and decision making: A systematic scoping review of child\u2013parent\u2010nurse relationships during postoperative pain management"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"32","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-9183-9084","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Ebru","family":"Bakir","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Paediatric Nursing, Faculty of Health Science Izmir Katip Celebi University  Izmir Turkey"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Michelle","family":"Briggs","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Nursing, Midwifery and Social Work, School of Health Sciences, Faculty of Biology, Medicine and Health, University of Manchester Manchester Academic Health Science Centre  Manchester UK"},{"name":"Manchester NHS Foundation Trust Manchester Academic Health Science Centre  Manchester UK"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Carolyn","family":"Mackintosh\u2010Franklin","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Nursing, Midwifery and Social Work, School of Health Sciences, Faculty of Biology, Medicine and Health, University of Manchester Manchester Academic Health Science Centre  Manchester UK"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Marie","family":"Marshall","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Manchester University NHS Foundation Trust, Manchester  UK"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Francisca","family":"Achaliwie","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Nursing, School of Nursing and Midwifery CK Tedam University of Technology and Applied Sciences  Navrongo Ghana"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2023,2,26]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_13_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/1364557032000119616"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_3_1","unstructured":"Bakir E.(2021).Interactions between children parents and nurses during postoperative pain management: A grounded theory study. 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