{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,13]],"date-time":"2026-06-13T19:25:59Z","timestamp":1781378759476,"version":"3.54.1"},"reference-count":38,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"8","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2024,10,28]],"date-time":"2024-10-28T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1730073600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Journal of Clinical Nursing"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2025,8]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>ABSTRACT<\/jats:title><jats:sec><jats:title>Aim<\/jats:title><jats:p>This study aims to investigate the prevalence of significant psychological distress and identify risk factors associated with it among early\u2010stage lung cancer patients in the preoperative period.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Background<\/jats:title><jats:p>Lung cancer is a major cause of cancer deaths worldwide, with low survival rates and significant psychological distress. While much research has focused on distress in advanced\u2010stage patients, less is known about the prevalence and risk factors of psychological distress in early\u2010stage lung cancer patients before surgery.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Design<\/jats:title><jats:p>A cross\u2010sectional study.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title><jats:p>The study included 427 early\u2010stage lung cancer patients preparing for surgery. Researchers used a study\u2010specific questionnaire to gather general information and employed the Distress Management Screening Measurement, Patient Health Questionnaire\u20109 and Generalised Anxiety Disorder\u20107 to assess personal situations and psychological distress levels. Statistical analyses investigated distress across various patient characteristics and examined correlations with anxiety and depression. Binary logistic regression identified significant predictors of psychological distress.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Results<\/jats:title><jats:p>The study found that 41.9% of early\u2010stage lung cancer patients experienced significant psychological distress preoperatively, with an average score of 3.31\u2009\u00b1\u20092.18. Psychological distress was significantly positively correlated with depression (<jats:italic>r<\/jats:italic>\u2009=\u20090.474, <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\u2009&lt;\u20090.001) and anxiety (<jats:italic>r<\/jats:italic>\u2009=\u20090.591, <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\u2009&lt;\u20090.001). Significant risk factors for psychological distress included pulmonary nodules (OR\u2009=\u20092.884, 95% CI: 1.496\u20135.559), smoking history (OR\u2009=\u20092.092, 95% CI: 1.016\u20134.306) and chronic diseases (OR\u2009=\u20092.013, 95% CI: 1.073\u20133.776).<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title><jats:p>Early\u2010stage lung cancer patients often experience a high incidence of clinically significant psychological distress during the preoperative period, strongly associated with depression and anxiety. Adverse factors contributing to psychological distress include multiple indeterminate pulmonary nodules, smoking history and concurrent chronic diseases. Routine screening for psychological distress in these patients is recommended, along with personalised interventions and self\u2010management strategies to help alleviate their distress during the perioperative period.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1111\/jocn.17501","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,10,29]],"date-time":"2024-10-29T02:31:19Z","timestamp":1730169079000},"page":"3196-3205","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":8,"title":["Prevalence and Risk Factors of Psychological Distress in Patients With Early\u2010Stage Lung Cancer During Preoperative Period: A Cross\u2010Sectional Study"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"34","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0003-1253-1335","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Lijun","family":"Lu","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Clinical Nursing Teaching and Research Section, the Second Xiangya Hospital Central South University  Changsha 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