{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,22]],"date-time":"2026-10-22T12:47:49Z","timestamp":1792673269140,"version":"4.5.0"},"reference-count":28,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"11","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,3,3]],"date-time":"2025-03-03T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1740960000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Journal of Clinical Nursing"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2025,11]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>ABSTRACT<\/jats:title><jats:sec><jats:title>Background<\/jats:title><jats:p>There are known risk factors for patient violence, but it is not known whether nurses are aware of them. Nurses' expectations regarding exposure to patient violence and risk tolerance have not been investigated.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Aim<\/jats:title><jats:p>To examine hospital\u2010based nurses' frequency of and expectations regarding exposure to patient violence, risk factors perceived to be associated with violence and self\u2010reported risk tolerance.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Design<\/jats:title><jats:p>Cross\u2010sectional, descriptive design following STROBE checklist.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Results<\/jats:title><jats:p>The sample consisted of 499 hospital\u2010based nurses. Exposure to any patient violence was high; exposure to physical violence was less common and occurred less frequently. Most nurses did not think it was possible to eliminate patient violence in hospitals and expected to be exposed to it. Some of the personal patient risk factors identified (race, veteran status) have not been noted in the literature. Most nurses were identified as having high work\u2010related risk tolerance.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title><jats:p>Patient violence is a serious occupational risk for hospital\u2010based nurses. Some of the rhetoric related to violence towards nurses presents this risk as something that is not part of nursing work, discounting widespread exposure. It is also presented as something that ought not to be tolerated when it does occur. Both positions seem misaligned with the reality that exposure to violence is high, as is nurses' risk tolerance. When conceptualised as a serious occupational risk, opportunities for prevention, mitigation and recovery efforts can emerge. If risk tolerance is recognised as a strength, for example, it could be bolstered in the context of interventions such as robust prevention and mitigation training.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1111\/jocn.17719","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,3,11]],"date-time":"2025-03-11T17:09:00Z","timestamp":1741712940000},"page":"4673-4682","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":2,"title":["Nurses' Perceptions of Patient Violence: Exposure, Expectation, Risk Factors and Risk Tolerance"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"34","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-3705-0920","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Darcy","family":"Copeland","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"University of Northern Colorado, Greeley, CO, USA; CommonSpirit St. Anthony Hospital  Lakewood CO USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Debra","family":"Culter","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"AdventHealth \u2013 Avista  Louisville CO USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Mary","family":"Potter","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"AdventHealth \u2013 Parker  Parker CO USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Susie","family":"Tipton","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Commonspirit \u2013 Mercy Hospital  Durango CO USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,3,3]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_13_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.apnr.2015.11.001"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.4037\/ccn2018698"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_4_1","unstructured":"American Hospital Association.2022.\u201cFact Sheet: Workplace Violence and Intimidation and the Need for a Federal Legislative Response.\u201dhttps:\/\/www.aha.org\/fact\u2010sheets\/2023\u201004\u201019\u2010fact\u2010sheet\u2010workplace\u2010violence\u2010and\u2010intimidation\u2010and\u2010need\u2010federal\u2010legislative\u2010response."},{"key":"e_1_2_13_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/HMR.0000000000000286"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_6_1","unstructured":"Bureau of Labor Statistics. n.d.\u201cOccupational Outlook Handbook Registered Nurses.\u201dhttps:\/\/www.bls.gov\/ooh\/healthcare\/registered\u2010nurses.htm."},{"key":"e_1_2_13_7_1","unstructured":"Businesswire.2022.\u201cOn Average Two Nurses Are Assaulted Every Hour New Press Ganey Analysis Finds.\u201dhttps:\/\/www.businesswire.com\/news\/home\/20220908005710\/en\/On\u2010Average\u2010Two\u2010Nurses\u2010Are\u2010Assaulted\u2010Every\u2010Hour\u2010New\u2010Press\u2010Ganey\u2010Analysis\u2010Finds."},{"key":"e_1_2_13_8_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/JTN.0000000000000269"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_9_1","volume-title":"Occupational Injuries and Illnesses Among Registered Nurses","author":"Dressner M.","year":"2018"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_10_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/jnu.12753"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_11_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1037\/tam0000048"},{"issue":"1","key":"e_1_2_13_12_1","first-page":"2","article-title":"Stressful Incidents of Physical Violence Against Emergency Nurses","volume":"18","author":"Gillespie G.","year":"2013","journal-title":"Online Journal of Issues in Nursing"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_13_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijnurstu.2012.09.018"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_14_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.5172\/conu.2006.21.2.212"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_15_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365-2850.2004.00772.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_16_1","unstructured":"Jones C. Z.Sousane andS.Mossburg.2023.\u201cAddressing Workplace Violence and Creating a Safer Workplace.\u201dAgency for Healthcare Research and Quality Patient Safety Network.https:\/\/psnet.ahrq.gov\/perspective\/addressing\u2010workplace\u2010violence\u2010and\u2010creating\u2010safer\u2010workplace."},{"key":"e_1_2_13_17_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.amsu.2022.103727"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_18_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/00048670601109972"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_19_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.11648\/j.ajns.20200902.19"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_20_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/jonm.12761"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_21_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/jan.15885"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_22_1","unstructured":"Occupational Safety and Health Administration.2016.\u201cGuidelines for Preventing Workplace Violence for Healthcare and Social Service Workers.\u201dhttps:\/\/www.osha.gov\/sites\/default\/files\/publications\/osha3148.pdf."},{"key":"e_1_2_13_23_1","unstructured":"Occupational Safety and Health Administration. n.d.\u201cWorkplace Violence.\u201dhttps:\/\/www.osha.gov\/workplace\u2010violence#:~:text=Workplace%20violence%20is%20any%20act physical%20assaults%20and%20even%20homicide."},{"key":"e_1_2_13_24_1","unstructured":"Oxford English Dictionary. n.d.\u201cTolerance.\u201dhttps:\/\/www.oed.com\/dictionary\/tolerance_n?tab=meaning_and_use."},{"key":"e_1_2_13_25_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.aenj.2017.05.005"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_26_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/ajim.22489"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_27_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jsr.2012.09.004"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_28_1","unstructured":"Premier.2023.\u201cPremier Survey Reveals Key Insights on Workplace Violence Incidents in Healthcare.\u201dhttps:\/\/premierinc.com\/newsroom\/blog\/premier\u2010survey\u2010reveals\u2010key\u2010insights\u2010on\u2010workplace\u2010violence\u2010incidents\u2010in\u2010healthcare."},{"key":"e_1_2_13_29_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jen.2023.04.001"}],"container-title":["Journal of Clinical Nursing"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1111\/jocn.17719","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,2]],"date-time":"2025-10-02T06:19:55Z","timestamp":1759385995000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/10.1111\/jocn.17719"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2025,3,3]]},"references-count":28,"journal-issue":{"issue":"11","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2025,11]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1111\/jocn.17719"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1111\/jocn.17719","archive":["Portico"],"relation":{},"ISSN":["0962-1067","1365-2702"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0962-1067","type":"print"},{"value":"1365-2702","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2025,3,3]]},"assertion":[{"value":"2024-04-29","order":0,"name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"2025-02-21","order":2,"name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"2025-03-03","order":3,"name":"published","label":"Published","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}}]}}