{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,17]],"date-time":"2026-06-17T01:34:45Z","timestamp":1781660085040,"version":"3.54.5"},"reference-count":22,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2013,7,2]],"date-time":"2013-07-02T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1372723200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"funder":[{"name":"Ministry of Education, Science and Technology, Korea","award":["2009-0074892"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["2009-0074892"]}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["J of Obstet and Gynaecol"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2014,1]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:sec><jats:title>Aim<\/jats:title><jats:p>Genital human papillomavirus (<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">HPV<\/jats:styled-content>) infection is a necessary factor in most cases of cervical cancer, but malignant transformation requires the presence of additional cofactors such as pregnancy. Little is known about the effect of pregnancy on genital <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">HPV<\/jats:styled-content> carriage. We therefore analyzed the prevalence and genotypic patterns of genital <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">HPV<\/jats:styled-content> infections in normal pregnancies.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title><jats:p>The prevalence of <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">HPV<\/jats:styled-content> infection was measured in 960 consecutive normal pregnant or post\u2010partum women by <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">HPV<\/jats:styled-content>\u2010<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">DNA<\/jats:styled-content> chip analysis of cervical swabs. Data were analyzed by trimester and adjusted for sociodemographic, reproductive and reported sexual history.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Results<\/jats:title><jats:p>The overall prevalence of <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">HPV<\/jats:styled-content> infection in the population was 24.3%. High\u2010risk <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">HPV<\/jats:styled-content> genotypes were detected in 68.2% of infected subjects, including <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">HPV<\/jats:styled-content> 16 (18.7%), 39 (16.4%), 53 (10.1%), and 56 (9.4%). High\u2010risk <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">HPV<\/jats:styled-content> genotypes were significantly more prevalent in the second trimester (23.8%) compared with the other periods (first trimester, 13.2%; third trimester, 17.4%; post\u2010partum, 15.1%; <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\u2009=\u20090.010). However, the high\u2010risk <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">HPV<\/jats:styled-content> genotypes 16 or 18 were detected most frequently in the third trimester (7.2%) as compared to the other periods (first trimester, 2.9%; second trimester, 5.2%; post\u2010partum, 2.1%; <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\u2009=\u20090.03). After adjusting for confounding variables, overall <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">HPV<\/jats:styled-content> infection (odds ratio\u2009=\u20091.84, 95% confidence interval\u2009=\u20091.24\u20132.75) and high\u2010risk <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">HPV<\/jats:styled-content> genotypes (odds ratio\u2009=\u20091.94, 95% confidence interval\u2009=\u20091.23\u20133.05) were significantly more common in the second trimester.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title><jats:p>The second trimester may be the most vulnerable period in high\u2010risk <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">HPV<\/jats:styled-content> infections, which necessitates future investigations.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1111\/jog.12155","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2013,7,2]],"date-time":"2013-07-02T09:05:10Z","timestamp":1372755910000},"page":"200-207","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":14,"title":["Genotypic prevalence of human papillomavirus infection during normal pregnancy: A cross\u2010sectional study"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"40","author":[{"given":"Yun Hwan","family":"Kim","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology Ewha Womans University School of Medicine  Seoul Korea"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Joong Shin","family":"Park","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology Seoul National University College of Medicine  Seoul Korea"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Errol R.","family":"Norwitz","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology Tufts University School of Medicine  Boston Massachusetts USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jeong Woo","family":"Park","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology Inje University College of Medicine Ilsan\u2010Paik Hospital  Gyeonggi Korea"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Sun Min","family":"Kim","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology Seoul National University College of Medicine  Seoul Korea"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Seung Mi","family":"Lee","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology Seoul National University College of Medicine  Seoul Korea"},{"name":"Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology Seoul Metropolitan Government Seoul National University Boramae Medical Center  Seoul Korea"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Chan\u2010Wook","family":"Park","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology Seoul National University College of Medicine  Seoul Korea"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Byoung Jae","family":"Kim","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology Seoul National University College of Medicine  Seoul Korea"},{"name":"Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology Seoul Metropolitan Government Seoul National University Boramae Medical Center  Seoul Korea"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ja Nam","family":"Koo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Seoul Women's Hospital  Incheon Korea"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ig Hwan","family":"Oh","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Seoul Women's Hospital  Incheon Korea"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yong Sang","family":"Song","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology Seoul National University College of Medicine  Seoul Korea"},{"name":"Cancer Research Institute Seoul National University College of Medicine  Seoul 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