{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,20]],"date-time":"2026-03-20T17:02:30Z","timestamp":1774026150798,"version":"3.50.1"},"reference-count":42,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"3","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2013,11,26]],"date-time":"2013-11-26T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1385424000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["J of Obstet and Gynaecol"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2014,3]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:sec><jats:title>Aim<\/jats:title><jats:p>This study aimed to evaluate the correlation between ambient concentrations of air pollutants and first\u2010trimester spontaneous abortion.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Material and Methods<\/jats:title><jats:p>This was a retrospective case\u2013control study, which was conducted on 296 women from<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">J<\/jats:styled-content>une 2010 to<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">F<\/jats:styled-content>ebruary 2011 in<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">T<\/jats:styled-content>ehran,<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">I<\/jats:styled-content>ran. Cases were 148 women who experienced a spontaneous abortion before 14 weeks of gestation while the controls were 148 pregnant women after 14 weeks of gestation and groups were matched on sociodemographics and obstetrics characteristics. The samples were recruited randomly from 10 hospitals. In total, pollutants concentrations were collected at 29 stations hourly throughout the study area. We estimated the mean exposure for each participant and investigated the association between spontaneous abortion and ambient pollutants.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Results<\/jats:title><jats:p>Findings demonstrated that the average of ambient air pollutants in the cases was significantly higher than in the controls (<jats:italic><jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">P<\/jats:styled-content><\/jats:italic>\u2009&lt;\u20090.05). The odd ratios of abortion in the areas with higher concentrations of<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">CO<\/jats:styled-content>,<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">NO<jats:sub>2<\/jats:sub><\/jats:styled-content>,<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">O<jats:sub>3<\/jats:sub><\/jats:styled-content>and<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">PM<jats:sub>10<\/jats:sub><\/jats:styled-content>were 1.98, 0.96, 0.94 and 1.01, respectively (<jats:italic><jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">P<\/jats:styled-content><\/jats:italic>\u2009&lt;\u20090.05). Also, the model showed that there was no significant association between prenatal exposures to<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">SO<jats:sub>2<\/jats:sub><\/jats:styled-content>and abortion (<jats:italic><jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">P<\/jats:styled-content><\/jats:italic>\u2009&gt;\u20090.05).<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title><jats:p>Our findings suggest that pregnant women exposed to ambient air pollutants may be at increased risk of spontaneous abortion. 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