{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,7]],"date-time":"2026-03-07T13:54:07Z","timestamp":1772891647276,"version":"3.50.1"},"reference-count":19,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"7","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2014,7,23]],"date-time":"2014-07-23T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1406073600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":22,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["J of Obstet and Gynaecol"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2014,7]]},"abstract":"Abstract<\/jats:title>Aim<\/jats:title>To compare two incision angles (60\u00b0 vs 40\u00b0) of mediolateral episiotomy in primiparous E<\/jats:styled-content>gyptian women, regarding the incidence of anal sphincter injury as well as episiotomy\u2010related pain and dyspareunia.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>Methods<\/jats:title>The current prospective randomized controlled trial (C<\/jats:styled-content>linicalT<\/jats:styled-content>rials.gov, NCT<\/jats:styled-content>01930721) was conducted at A<\/jats:styled-content>in S<\/jats:styled-content>hams U<\/jats:styled-content>niversity M<\/jats:styled-content>aternity H<\/jats:styled-content>ospital. Eligible women were randomized into two groups: group 1 included women who had the episiotomy incision made at an angle of 60\u00b0 to the midline; and group 2 included women who had the episiotomy incision made at an angle of 40\u00b0 to the midline. Primary outcome measures were differences in short\u2010term related pain and rate of third\/fourth degree perineal tears.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>Results<\/jats:title>A total of 330 primiparous women were recruited. The shortest distance to the outer edge of the anal epithelium was significantly shorter in women of group 2 when compared to that in women of group 1. Out of the included 330 women, 13 (4%) had third\/fourth\u2010degree perineal tears (4 [2.4%] in group 1 in contrast to nine [5.5%] in group 2). This difference was not significant A 60\u00b0\u2010angled mediolateral episiotomy was associated with significantly higher rates of moderate\/severe episiotomy\u2010related pain post\u2010partum. The rates of moderate\/severe episiotomy\u2010related pain and dyspareunia assessed 6 months post\u2010partum were also higher among women of group 1, when compared to group 2; the latter two differences did not reach statistical significance, however.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>Conclusion<\/jats:title>When compared to the 40\u00b0\u2010angled mediolateral episiotomies, 60\u00b0\u2010angled ones were associated with significantly higher short\u2010term\u2010related pain. Although they were also associated with lower rate of third\/fourth\u2010degree perineal tears and higher rate of long\u2010term related pain and dyspareunia, these differences did not reach a statistically significant level.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1111\/jog.12432","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2014,7,23]],"date-time":"2014-07-23T14:25:19Z","timestamp":1406125519000},"page":"1877-1882","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":24,"title":["Comparison between two incision angles of mediolateral episiotomy in primiparous women: A randomized controlled trial"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"40","author":[{"given":"Adel S. S.","family":"El\u2010Din","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology Faculty of Medicine Ain Shams University Abbasiya Cairo Egypt"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Magdy M.","family":"Kamal","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology Faculty of Medicine Ain Shams University Abbasiya Cairo Egypt"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Malaka A.","family":"Amin","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology Faculty of Medicine Ain Shams University Abbasiya Cairo Egypt"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2014,7,23]]},"reference":[{"issue":"1","key":"e_1_2_6_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1002\/14651858.CD000081.pub2","article-title":"Episiotomy for vaginal birth","author":"Carroli G","year":"2009","journal-title":"Cochrane Database Syst Rev"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1471-0528.2011.03268.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_4_1","volume-title":"Williams Obstetrics","author":"Cunningham FG","year":"2001"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_5_1","volume-title":"Obstetrics and the Newborn","author":"Beischer NA","year":"1986"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_6_1","first-page":"285","volume-title":"Obstetrics by Ten Teachers","author":"Baker PN","year":"1995"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_7_1","first-page":"218","volume-title":"Myles\u2019 Textbook for Midwives","author":"Myles MF","year":"1979"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_8_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1471-0528.2005.00835.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_9_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1471-0528.2005.00645.x"},{"issue":"1","key":"e_1_2_6_10_1","first-page":"1S40","article-title":"Episiotomy techniques","volume":"35","author":"Verspyck E","year":"2006","journal-title":"J Gynecol Obstet Biol Reprod"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_11_1","first-page":"247","article-title":"Mediolateral episiotomy and anal sphincter trauma","volume":"74","author":"Karbanov\u00e1 J","year":"2009","journal-title":"Ceska Gynekol"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_12_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1463-1318.2005.00801.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_13_1","first-page":"220","article-title":"Evaluation of the incision angle of mediolateral episiotomy at 60 degrees","volume":"112","author":"Kalis V","year":"2011","journal-title":"Gynaecol Obstet"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_14_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1471-0528.2012.03293.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_15_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijgo.2008.05.026"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_16_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijgo.2009.11.024"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_17_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1471-0528.2003.03030.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_18_1","first-page":"381","article-title":"How exact is the performance of mediolateral episiotomy","volume":"72","author":"Stepan J","year":"2007","journal-title":"Ceska Gynekol"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_19_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijgo.2007.07.022"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_20_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijgo.2009.03.013"}],"container-title":["Journal of Obstetrics and Gynaecology Research"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/api.wiley.com\/onlinelibrary\/tdm\/v1\/articles\/10.1111%2Fjog.12432","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/api.wiley.com\/onlinelibrary\/tdm\/v1\/articles\/10.1111%2Fjog.12432","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/obgyn.onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1111\/jog.12432","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2023,10,2]],"date-time":"2023-10-02T20:04:19Z","timestamp":1696277059000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/obgyn.onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/10.1111\/jog.12432"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2014,7]]},"references-count":19,"journal-issue":{"issue":"7","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2014,7]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1111\/jog.12432"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1111\/jog.12432","archive":["Portico"],"relation":{},"ISSN":["1341-8076","1447-0756"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1341-8076","type":"print"},{"value":"1447-0756","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2014,7]]}}}