{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,20]],"date-time":"2026-09-20T13:06:02Z","timestamp":1789909562791,"version":"4.0.1"},"reference-count":19,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"10","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2014,8,11]],"date-time":"2014-08-11T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1407715200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"funder":[{"name":"Vice chancellor of research of Tehran University of Medical Sciences"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["J of Obstet and Gynaecol"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2014,10]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:sec><jats:title>Aim<\/jats:title><jats:p>Zinc sulfate is beneficial in the treatment of epithelial warts. We conducted this study to compare the efficacy of combination therapy of oral zinc sulfate with conventional treatments in the treatment of vulvar warts.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Material and Methods<\/jats:title><jats:p>This study was a randomized controlled trial. The sample size was 42 in each group. Women aged 20\u201350 years were placed by the block randomized method into six groups: the podophyllin\u2010, imiquimod\u2010 and cryotherapy\u2010treated groups, and another three groups receiving 8\u2010week combination therapy of 400\u2009mg oral zinc sulfate with one of the above\u2010mentioned treatments. Data were analyzed using <jats:sc>anova<\/jats:sc> and <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">F<\/jats:styled-content>ischer's exact test with <jats:sc>spss<\/jats:sc>16.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Results<\/jats:title><jats:p>A total of 228 patients were recruited and completed the study in six treatment groups. No significant difference was observed in the response to treatment among these groups. Relapse after 6 months was significantly higher in the podophyllin\u2010, imiquimod\u2010 and cryotherapy\u2010treated patients compared to patients receiving these treatments in combination with oral zinc sulfate (<jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\u2009&lt;\u20090.05).<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title><jats:p>Combined therapy of oral zinc sulfate with conventional treatments of vulvar warts appears to reduce the relapse rate.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1111\/jog.12457","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2014,8,11]],"date-time":"2014-08-11T11:32:25Z","timestamp":1407756745000},"page":"2110-2113","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":18,"title":["Efficacy of combination therapy of oral zinc sulfate with imiquimod, podophyllin or cryotherapy in the treatment of vulvar warts"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"40","author":[{"given":"Setareh","family":"Akhavan","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Gynecology and Obstetrics Department School of Medicine Tehran University of Medical Sciences  Tehran Iran"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Seyed Rahim","family":"Mohammadi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Ministry of Health and Medical Education  Tehran Iran"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Mitra","family":"Modarres Gillani","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Gynecology and Obstetrics Department School of Medicine Tehran University of Medical Sciences  Tehran Iran"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Azam Sadat","family":"Mousavi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Gynecology and Obstetrics Department School of Medicine Tehran University of Medical Sciences  Tehran Iran"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Mahboobeh","family":"Shirazi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Gynecology and Obstetrics Department School of Medicine Tehran University of Medical Sciences  Tehran Iran"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2014,8,11]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_7_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1590\/S0365-05962009000100003"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1046\/j.1365-2133.2002.04617.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_4_1","first-page":"5","article-title":"An evidence\u2010based review of medical and surgical treatments of genital warts","volume":"12","author":"Scheinfeld N","year":"2006","journal-title":"Dermatol Online J"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1258\/0956462054679214"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_6_1","first-page":"25","volume-title":"Textbook of Dermatology","author":"Sterling JC","year":"2004"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_7_1","first-page":"274","volume-title":"Dermatologia","author":"Azulay RD","year":"2008"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_8_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/sti.2009.037028"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_9_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0002-9343(97)00177-0"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_10_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/00007435-200111000-00006"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_11_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/1055329004271721"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_12_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/LGT.0b013e31815dd4b4"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_13_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/OLQ.0b013e3181f68ebb"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_14_1","first-page":"337","article-title":"Direct medical costs for surgical and medical treatment of condylomata acuminata","volume":"137","author":"Alam M","year":"2001","journal-title":"Arch Dermatol"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_15_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/ajcp\/102.6.768"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_16_1","first-page":"132","article-title":"[Selective changes in lymphocytic differentiation antigens in the peripheral blood of patients with alopecia areata treated with oral zinc","volume":"65","author":"Lutz G","year":"1990","journal-title":"Z Hautkr"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_17_1","first-page":"1955","article-title":"Beneficial effect of zinc supplementation on pruritus in haemodialysis histamine levels","volume":"33","author":"Sanada S","year":"1987","journal-title":"Hinyokika Kiyo"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_18_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1028","DOI":"10.1001\/archderm.1985.01660080082019","article-title":"Perifolliculitis capitis abscendens et suffodiens (Hoffman). 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