{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,14]],"date-time":"2026-07-14T19:20:50Z","timestamp":1784056850625,"version":"3.55.0"},"reference-count":14,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"12","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2014,8,11]],"date-time":"2014-08-11T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1407715200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001411","name":"Indian Council of Medical Research","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001411","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"crossref"}]},{"name":"Senior Research Fellowship"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["J of Obstet and Gynaecol"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2014,12]]},"abstract":"Abstract<\/jats:title>Aim<\/jats:title>To determine lead (Pb<\/jats:roman><\/jats:styled-content>) and trace element (Fe<\/jats:roman><\/jats:styled-content>, Zn<\/jats:roman><\/jats:styled-content>, Cu<\/jats:roman><\/jats:styled-content>, Mg<\/jats:roman><\/jats:styled-content>) levels in placenta, maternal and cord blood; further, to assess the interactions between Pb<\/jats:roman><\/jats:styled-content> and trace elements, if any.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>Methods<\/jats:title>A cluster of \u2018at term pregnant women\u2019 from rural and urban areas (n<\/jats:italic>\u2009=\u200930 each, total n<\/jats:italic>\u2009=\u200960) as well as their neonates after delivery were recruited. Maternal blood, heel prick neonatal blood, placenta and cord blood were collected at the time of parturition. Pb<\/jats:roman><\/jats:styled-content> and trace element levels in blood\/serum, placenta were determined on graphite furnace atomic absorption (AAS<\/jats:styled-content>) and flame AAS<\/jats:styled-content> respectively. Due to sample constraints, only Pb<\/jats:roman><\/jats:styled-content> levels were determined in heel prick blood samples of neonates.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>Results<\/jats:title>There were no major abnormal signs and symptoms, however, 38% had pale conjunctiva and 13% had pigmented tongue. The blood lead levels (BLL<\/jats:styled-content>) were significantly (P<\/jats:italic>\u2009<\u20090.05) higher in urban post\u2010partum women compared to their rural counterparts. Higher BLL<\/jats:styled-content> did not correlate with either pregnancy outcome or neonatal anthropometry. Maternal serum trace element levels were deficient in both rural and urban women. Significant (P<\/jats:italic>\u2009<\u20090.01) positive correlation between maternal and neonatal BLL<\/jats:styled-content> as well as significant (P<\/jats:italic>\u2009<\u20090.05) inverse correlation between cord BLL<\/jats:styled-content> and placental Pb<\/jats:roman><\/jats:styled-content> levels were observed. Maternal and cord BLL<\/jats:styled-content> correlated inversely (P<\/jats:italic>\u2009<\u20090.05) with maternal and cord serum Fe<\/jats:roman><\/jats:styled-content> levels, respectively.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>Conclusion<\/jats:title>Urban post\u2010partum women and their neonates were at higher risk with elevated BLL<\/jats:styled-content>. Estimate of cord blood Pb<\/jats:roman><\/jats:styled-content> may not be the true index of neonatal BLL<\/jats:styled-content>. These observations must be confirmed in a larger cohort because prenatal\/neonatal screening avoids the risks associated with rest of life.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1111\/jog.12469","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2014,8,11]],"date-time":"2014-08-11T11:33:47Z","timestamp":1407756827000},"page":"2184-2190","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":41,"title":["Lead and trace element levels in placenta, maternal and cord blood: A cross\u2010sectional pilot study"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"40","author":[{"given":"Yathapu Srinivasa","family":"Reddy","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Food and Drug Toxicology Research Center National Institute of Nutrition (ICMR) Hyderabad India"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Aparna","family":"Y","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Food and Drug Toxicology Research Center National Institute of Nutrition (ICMR) Hyderabad India"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"B. A.","family":"Ramalaksmi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Clinical Division National Institute of Nutrition (ICMR) Hyderabad India"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"B. Dinesh","family":"Kumar","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Food and Drug Toxicology Research Center National Institute of Nutrition (ICMR) Hyderabad India"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2014,8,11]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_7_2_1","first-page":"RA329","article-title":"Lead toxicity update: A brief review","volume":"11","author":"Papanikolaou NC","year":"2005","journal-title":"Med Sci Monit"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.brainresrev.2005.02.004"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_4_1","first-page":"158","volume-title":"Lead Chemistry, Analytical Aspects, Environmental Impacts and Health Effects","author":"Flora SJS","year":"2006"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s11606-007-0253-x"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2486\/indhealth.38.127"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_7_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jnutbio.2006.12.007"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_8_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/oem.2003.012492"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_9_1","first-page":"309","article-title":"Lead in cord blood of neonates from Chorzow (upper Silesia)","volume":"8","author":"Kocot JK","year":"1999","journal-title":"Pol J Environ Stud"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_10_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/jn\/137.12.2794"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_11_1","first-page":"28","article-title":"An integrated microwave digestion system for the modern lab","volume":"31","author":"Borowski K","year":"1999","journal-title":"Am Lab"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_12_1","first-page":"1820","volume-title":"Text Book of Clinical Chemistry","author":"Tietz NW","year":"1986"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_13_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1542\/peds.2006-2284"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_14_1","unstructured":"George Foundation.Proceedings of the International Conference on Lead Poisoning Prevention and Treatment. 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