{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,21]],"date-time":"2026-09-21T12:18:04Z","timestamp":1789993084120,"version":"4.0.1"},"reference-count":25,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"2","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2017,10,10]],"date-time":"2017-10-10T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1507593600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["J of Obstet and Gynaecol"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2018,2]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:sec><jats:title>Aim<\/jats:title><jats:p>Recent reports have shown lower levels of <jats:italic>Clostridium<\/jats:italic> and higher levels of <jats:italic>Lactobacillales<\/jats:italic> in the intestinal microbiota in preterm birth patients compared to term birth patients. However, the influence of probiotics on perinatal status has not been elucidated. The aim of our study was to evaluate the effects of probiotics on perinatal outcomes.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title><jats:p>We retrospectively evaluated the effects of oral probiotics on perinatal outcome in patients at high risk of preterm birth. Probiotics containing <jats:italic>Streptococcus faecalis<\/jats:italic>, <jats:italic>Clostridium butyricum<\/jats:italic> and <jats:italic>Bacillus mesentericus<\/jats:italic> were administered for prophylaxis of bacterial vaginosis or treatment of constipation starting at 12.5\u2009\u00b1\u20094.1\u2009weeks until delivery. Patients not administered probiotics were defined as the non\u2010probiotics group. Between these two groups, perinatal outcomes including gestational age at birth, birth weight, chorioamnionitis or funisitis and preterm birth before 32\u2009weeks were compared. In addition, multivariate regression analyses were performed to evaluate factors influencing preterm birth before 32\u2009weeks, chorioamnionitis\/funisitis and normal vaginal flora.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Results<\/jats:title><jats:p>The probiotics group showed longer gestation, higher birth weight, lower rates of chorioamnionitis and higher rates of normal vaginal flora compared to the non\u2010probiotics group. Multivariate regression analysis showed that probiotics significantly suppressed preterm birth before 32\u2009weeks and tended to suppress chorioamnionitis\/funisitis. The adjusted odds ratios (95% confidence interval) for preterm birth before 32\u2009weeks and chorioamnionitis\/funisitis were 0.05 (0.01\u20130.71) and 0.07 (0.01\u20131.03), respectively.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title><jats:p>Oral probiotics containing <jats:italic>Clostridium<\/jats:italic> had a significant effect on the prevention of preterm birth before 32\u2009weeks of gestation.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1111\/jog.13497","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2017,10,10]],"date-time":"2017-10-10T08:02:40Z","timestamp":1507622560000},"page":"241-247","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":46,"title":["Effect of probiotics on perinatal outcome in patients at high risk of preterm birth"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"44","author":[{"given":"Nami","family":"Kirihara","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology Kagoshima City Hospital  Kagoshima Japan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-4078-8539","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Masato","family":"Kamitomo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology Kagoshima City Hospital  Kagoshima Japan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Tatsunori","family":"Tabira","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology Kagoshima City Hospital  Kagoshima Japan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Takashi","family":"Hashimoto","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology Kagoshima City Hospital  Kagoshima Japan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Hiroko","family":"Taniguchi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology Kagoshima City Hospital  Kagoshima Japan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Takatsugu","family":"Maeda","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology Kagoshima City Hospital  Kagoshima Japan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2017,10,10]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_7_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0111374"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/2049-2618-2-18"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.febslet.2014.06.040"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/aji.12077"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_6_1","first-page":"105","article-title":"A new factor from Bacillus mesentericus which promotes the growth of Bifidobacterium","volume":"101","author":"Seo G","year":"2000","journal-title":"Microbios"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_7_1","first-page":"705","article-title":"Amniotic infection syndrome; 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