{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,2,1]],"date-time":"2026-02-01T04:38:01Z","timestamp":1769920681618,"version":"3.49.0"},"reference-count":36,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"9","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2018,7,12]],"date-time":"2018-07-12T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1531353600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"name":"Grants for Research on Measures for Intractable Disease"},{"name":"Ministry of Health, Labor and Welfare of Japan for Blood Coagulation Abnormalities"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["obgyn.onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["J of Obstet and Gynaecol"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2018,9]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:sec><jats:title>Aim<\/jats:title><jats:p>We analyzed the incidence and prognosis of thromboembolism associated with combined oral contraceptives (COCs) by age groups in Japan.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title><jats:p>A total of 581 events of venous thromboembolism (VTE) and arterial thromboembolism (ATE) associated with COCs were analyzed from the Pharmaceuticals and Medical Devices Agency database from 2004 to 2013. In a statistical analysis, a good\u2010prognosis group included recovery cases and a poor\u2010prognosis group involved unrecovered cases with some sequela and fatal cases. The significant difference between these two groups was calculated by Pearson's chi\u2010square test, and the age\u2010specific tendency and the trend of differences in prognosis according to different hormonal contraceptives were examined by Cochran\u2013Armitage trend test.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Results<\/jats:title><jats:p>A total of 543 events were analyzed except 38 events due to unknown age, in which DVT only was the most frequent, followed by cerebral infarction, PE with DVT, PE only, cerebral vein thromboses. ATE ratio for overall thromboembolism tended to increase with advancing age (<jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic> = 0.0041). Good\u2010prognosis group was common (291 cases in VTE and 83 cases in ATE), followed by poor\u2010prognosis group (46 cases in VTE and 34 cases in ATE). All ATE cases had a significantly poorer prognosis in comparison with all VTE cases (<jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic> &lt; 0.0001). Types of progestin and age difference, however, showed no trend in the differences between good\u2010prognosis group and poor\u2010prognosis group (<jats:italic>P =<\/jats:italic> 0.3548 and <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic> = 0.6097).<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title><jats:p>Thromboembolic events were the most frequent in the 40s. The ATE ratio for overall thromboembolism tended to increase with advancing age. All ATE cases had a significantly poorer prognosis in comparison with all VTE cases.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1111\/jog.13706","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2018,7,12]],"date-time":"2018-07-12T09:03:36Z","timestamp":1531386216000},"page":"1766-1772","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":9,"title":["The incidence and prognosis of thromboembolism associated with oral contraceptives: Age\u2010dependent difference in Japanese population"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"44","author":[{"given":"Kazuko","family":"Sugiura","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Reproductive Health Nursing\/Midwifery Nagoya City University Graduate School of Nursing  Nagoya Japan"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Toshiyuki","family":"Ojima","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Community Health and Preventive Medicine  Shizuoka 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