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All of the women were screened for infection or inflammation of the lower genital tract, and women with negative results were excluded.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Results<\/jats:title><jats:p>Of the 92 patients with a short cervical length who were assessed for eligibility for this study, 86 singleton patients were enrolled. All patients were randomized to one of two treatment groups: patients administered UTI (<jats:italic>n<\/jats:italic>\u2009=\u200935) and placebo (<jats:italic>n<\/jats:italic>\u2009=\u200935). There were no differences between the two groups in the incidence of preterm delivery before 28, 30, 32, 34 and 37\u2009weeks of gestation and in perinatal outcomes.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title><jats:p>For women diagnosed with a short cervical length\u2009&lt;\u200925\u2009mm) between 16 and 26\u2009weeks of gestation and lower genital infection, who were at risk of preterm birth, administration of transvaginal UTI with vaginal irrigation showed no apparent benefit. Future research on the efficacy of UTI should evaluate modified modes of UTI application.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1111\/jog.13796","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2018,9,12]],"date-time":"2018-09-12T05:55:48Z","timestamp":1536731748000},"page":"86-95","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":6,"title":["Randomized trial of the efficacy of intravaginal ulinastatin administration for the prevention of preterm birth in women with a singleton pregnancy and both cervical shortening and inflammation of lower genital tract"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"45","author":[{"given":"Katsufumi","family":"Otsuki","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Japanese Organization of Prevention of Preterm Delivery (JOPP) Tokyo  Tokyo Japan"},{"name":"Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology Showa University Koto Toyosu Hospital  Tokyo 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