{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,11]],"date-time":"2026-03-11T11:19:12Z","timestamp":1773227952055,"version":"3.50.1"},"reference-count":30,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"7","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2019,5,16]],"date-time":"2019-05-16T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1557964800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["obgyn.onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["J of Obstet and Gynaecol"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2019,7]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:sec><jats:title>Aim<\/jats:title><jats:p>The early\u2010onset intrauterine growth restriction (IUGR) is associated with severe placental insufficiency and Doppler abnormalities. The late\u2010onset IUGR is associated with mild placental insufficiency and normal Doppler velocimetry. The computerized cardiotocographic (cCTG) monitoring is used to evaluate the fetal well\u2010being in pregnancies complicated by IUGR. Our aim was to investigate the cardiotocographic characteristics of IUGR fetuses and to identify every cCTG difference between Healthy and IUGR fetuses.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title><jats:p>Four hundred thirty pregnant women were enrolled starting from the 28th week of gestation until the time of delivery: 200 healthy and 230 IUGR fetuses. Fetal heart rate (FHR) baseline (FHR), short\u2010term variability (STV), long\u2010term irregularity (LTI), delta, interval index (II), approximate entropy (ApEn), high frequency (HF), low frequency (LF), movement frequency (MF), LF\/(HF\u2009+\u2009MF) ratio (LF\/(HF\u2009+\u2009MF)) and number of decelerations were examined. Newborn baby data were also collected.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Results<\/jats:title><jats:p>The parameters of short\u2010 and medium\u2010term variability discriminate between IUGR and healthy fetuses before 36\u2009weeks including FHR, STV, LTI and delta discriminate between each subgroup of IUGR were compared to each one of the other two (<jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\u2009&lt;\u20090.05).<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title><jats:p>cCTG is a useful tool for the evaluation of chronic hypoxemia, which causes a delay in the maturation of all components of the autonomic and central nervous system. However, cCTG requires integration with fetal ultrasound and Doppler vessels evaluation to improve the ability to predict the neonatal outcome.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1111\/jog.13981","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2019,5,17]],"date-time":"2019-05-17T04:55:26Z","timestamp":1558068926000},"page":"1343-1351","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":14,"title":["Fetal heart rate monitoring and neonatal outcome in a population of early\u2010 and late\u2010onset intrauterine growth restriction"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"45","author":[{"given":"Francesca G.","family":"Esposito","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Obstetrical\u2010Gynaecological and Urological Science and Reproductive Medicine Federico II University  Naples Italy"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Salvatore","family":"Tagliaferri","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Obstetrical\u2010Gynaecological and Urological Science and Reproductive Medicine Federico II University  Naples Italy"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Antonia","family":"Giudicepietro","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Obstetrical\u2010Gynaecological and Urological Science and Reproductive Medicine Federico II University  Naples Italy"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Natascia","family":"Giuliano","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Obstetrical\u2010Gynaecological and Urological Science and Reproductive Medicine Federico II University  Naples Italy"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Giuseppe M.","family":"Maruotti","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Obstetrical\u2010Gynaecological and Urological Science and Reproductive Medicine Federico II University  Naples Italy"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Gabriele","family":"Saccone","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Obstetrical\u2010Gynaecological and Urological Science and Reproductive Medicine Federico II University  Naples Italy"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Maria G.","family":"Signorini","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Electronics, Information and Bioengineering (DEIB) Politecnico of Milan  Milan Italy"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Giovanni","family":"Magenes","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Electrical, Computer and Biomedical Engineering University of Pavia  Pavia Italy"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Marta","family":"Campanile","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Obstetrical\u2010Gynaecological and Urological Science and Reproductive Medicine Federico II University  Naples Italy"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Fulvio","family":"Zullo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Obstetrical\u2010Gynaecological and Urological Science and Reproductive Medicine Federico II University  Naples Italy"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2019,5,16]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_7_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/01.AOG.0000429658.85846.f9"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.siny.2017.11.004"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s00404-017-4341-9"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1201\/9781315200910"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.bpobgyn.2018.02.003"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_7_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/adc.2005.082297"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_8_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/00003081-199712000-00019"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_9_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1159\/000357592"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_10_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/uog.12537"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_11_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1515\/jpm.2010.041"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_12_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1088\/0967-3334\/30\/2\/008"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_13_1","volume-title":"Physiologic Basis of Fetal Monitoring","author":"Freeman RK","year":"2012"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_14_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/TBME.2003.808824"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_15_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S1701-2163(15)30664-2"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_16_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0020-7101(90)90030-X"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_17_1","first-page":"159","article-title":"Computerized analysis of fetal heart rate: I. 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