{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,2,11]],"date-time":"2026-02-11T00:23:50Z","timestamp":1770769430013,"version":"3.50.0"},"reference-count":27,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"10","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2019,8,5]],"date-time":"2019-08-05T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1564963200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["obgyn.onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["J of Obstet and Gynaecol"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2019,10]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:sec><jats:title>Aim<\/jats:title><jats:p>To evaluate the efficacy of levonorgestrel intrauterine system (LNG\u2010IUS) treatment in patients with previous cesarean delivery scar defect (PCDS)\u2010related intermenstrual bleeding.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title><jats:p>A total of six premenopausal patients who experienced PCDS\u2010related intermenstrual bleeding were enrolled for conservative therapy with LNG\u2010IUS (levonorgestrel 20\u2009\u03bcg\/24\u2009h) insertion. The durations of menstruation before and after LNG\u2010IUS insertion at 1, 6 and 12\u2009months were recorded. A total of three missed menstrual cycles was defined as amenorrhea. Any side effects and the device expulsion rate were also recorded. Patient follow\u2010up was at an outpatient clinic. Any missing data were obtained by telephone.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Results<\/jats:title><jats:p>At the start of the study the median duration of intermenstrual bleeding was 6.5\u2009days (range 3\u201322\u2009days). After 6\u2009months treatment, two of the six patients had developed amenorrhea and two patients experienced cessation of vaginal spotting. One patient reported expulsion of the device. All patients except the one with device expulsion responded to the conservative treatment after 1\u2009year.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title><jats:p>The findings of the current study support LNG\u2010IUS being effective for the treatment of PCDS\u2010related intermenstrual bleeding. The authors recommend LNG\u2010IUS as a treatment option for PCDS\u2010related intermenstrual bleeding.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1111\/jog.14060","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2019,8,5]],"date-time":"2019-08-05T12:50:22Z","timestamp":1565009422000},"page":"2015-2020","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":20,"title":["Preliminary report on the use of a levonorgestrel intrauterine system for the treatment of intermenstrual bleeding due to previous cesarean delivery scar defect"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"45","author":[{"given":"Ying\u2010Yi","family":"Chen","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Kaohsiung Chang Gung Memorial Hospital Chang Gung University College of Medicine  Kaohsiung Taiwan"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Ching\u2010Chang","family":"Tsai","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Kaohsiung Chang Gung Memorial Hospital Chang Gung University College of Medicine  Kaohsiung Taiwan"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Kuo\u2010Chung","family":"Lan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Kaohsiung Chang Gung Memorial Hospital Chang Gung University College of Medicine  Kaohsiung Taiwan"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Yu\u2010Che","family":"Ou","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Kaohsiung Chang Gung Memorial Hospital Chang Gung University College of Medicine  Kaohsiung Taiwan"},{"name":"Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology Chiayi Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Chang Gung University College of Medicine  Chiayi Taiwan"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2019,8,5]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_6_2_1","first-page":"2695","article-title":"Why do niches develop in caesarean uterine scars? 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