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Generally, East Asians are less hirsute, and the hirsutism score cutoff is lower than the Caucasian counterpart. It is not clear whether there are any significant differences in the prevalence or severity of irregular menstruation (IM) or characteristics of polycystic ovary (PCO) across ethnicities. Interestingly, the IM\/PCO subgroup is a relatively common phenotype in East Asian patients but not in Caucasian patients. The prevalence of insulin resistance in PCOS patients varies depending on the index used and the cutoff, but women with PCOS showed a higher degree of insulin resistance than those of controls across ethnicities. Lower body mass index (BMI) and lower prevalence of metabolic syndrome were reported in East Asian patients, but despite lower BMI, a comparative study reported that Asian women with PCOS were more likely to have diabetes compared with Caucasian patients, suggesting they also have metabolic complications. Unlike East Asian patients, South Asian patients showed an increased degree of hirsutism, early onset of symptoms, and severe insulin resistance and metabolic risks compared with Caucasians. Genetic components play important roles in the pathogenesis of PCOS, and genome\u2010wide association studies of PCOS suggest that similar genetic risk factors exist between Asian and Caucasian patients. Continuous comparative studies are needed to standardize the diagnosis and management of PCOS across different ethnicities.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1111\/jog.14132","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2019,10,7]],"date-time":"2019-10-07T07:29:16Z","timestamp":1570433356000},"page":"2330-2337","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":62,"title":["Phenotype and genotype of polycystic ovary syndrome in Asia: Ethnic differences"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"45","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-0879-8208","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Jin Ju","family":"Kim","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Healthcare System Gangnam Center Seoul National University Hospital  Seoul South Korea"},{"name":"The Institute of Reproductive Medicine and Population, Medical Research Center, Seoul National University College of Medicine  Seoul South Korea"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Young Min","family":"Choi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"The Institute of Reproductive Medicine and Population, Medical Research Center, Seoul National University College of Medicine  Seoul South Korea"},{"name":"Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology Seoul National University College of Medicine  Seoul South Korea"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2019,10,7]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_5_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/humrep\/deh098"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/humrep\/dey256"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1210\/jcem-21-11-1440"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0002-9378(81)90746-8"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1210\/jc.2013-2350"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_7_1","first-page":"1719","article-title":"Clinical assessment of body hair growth in Japanese women. 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