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The first is of a 54\u2010year\u2010old woman with a cervical amelanotic polypoid mass who was diagnosed as having stage IB1 cervical melanoma according to the International Federation of Gynecology and Obstetrics system. At 17\u2009months post\u2010surgery, a computed tomography examination revealed recurrence of a 68\u2009mm pelvic tumor. The second case is of a 37\u2010year\u2010old woman with a 7\u2009cm hemorrhagic mass on the vaginal wall. The patient was diagnosed as having stage IV vaginal melanoma according to the American Joint Committee on Cancer definition. Both patients received nivolumab therapy, programmed cell death receptor 1 monoclonal antibodies, and the tumors almost disappeared. These cases may add the possibility of using colposcopy with narrow\u2010band imaging and positron\u2010emission tomography to diagnose and evaluate primary MM.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1111\/jog.14136","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2019,10,14]],"date-time":"2019-10-14T07:00:48Z","timestamp":1571036448000},"page":"190-195","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":22,"title":["Primary malignant melanoma of the uterine cervix or vagina which were successfully treated with nivolumab"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"46","author":[{"given":"Mayuka","family":"Anko","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology Keio University School of Medicine  Tokyo Japan"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Masaru","family":"Nakamura","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology Keio University School of Medicine  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