{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,15]],"date-time":"2026-10-15T12:29:42Z","timestamp":1792067382986,"version":"4.4.0"},"reference-count":16,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2019,10,8]],"date-time":"2019-10-08T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1570492800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/100000054","name":"National Cancer Institute","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100000054","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["obgyn.onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["J of Obstet and Gynaecol"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2020,1]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:sec><jats:title>Aims<\/jats:title><jats:p>To evaluate the outcomes of cryotherapy and thermo\u2010coagulation in the treatment of cervical precancers.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Method<\/jats:title><jats:p>Prospective analytical study. Women who screened positive to visual inspection with acetic acid and confirmed by colposcopy using the Swede's score were randomized to receive either cryotherapy or thermo\u2010coagulation. Participants were re\u2010evaluated 6\u2009months later.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Results<\/jats:title><jats:p>A total of 11\u2009124 women were screened. Only 1023 of the 1294 colposcopically confirmed positive cases were eligible for ablative therapy. Five hundred and twelve women received cryotherapy while 511 women received thermo\u2010coagulation. Cryotherapy had similar cure rate with thermo\u2010coagulation (85.5 vs 89.2%, <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic> =\u20090.09). The mean patient satisfaction score for thermo\u2010coagulation was higher than that for cryotherapy (3.9\u2009\u00b1\u20091.3 vs 2.8\u2009\u00b1\u20091.7; <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic> &lt;\u20090.0001). The mean duration of treatment per patient was higher for cryotherapy than thermo\u2010coagulation (660.0\u2009\u00b1\u20090.0 vs 50.9\u2009\u00b1\u200915.3\u2009s, <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic> &lt;\u20090.0001). The mean cost of treatment per patient was significantly higher for cryotherapy than for thermo\u2010coagulation (2613.1\u2009\u00b1\u2009254.9 vs 533.2\u2009\u00b1\u200945.2 Nigerian Naira, <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic> &lt;\u20090.0001). Higher proportion of women who had thermo\u2010coagulation reported no side effect (55.2 vs 12.5%, <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic> &lt;\u20090.0001).<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title><jats:p>Cryotherapy and thermo\u2010coagulation have similar efficacy in the treatment of cervical precancers. Thermo\u2010coagulation offers lower cost and lower duration of treatment, less side effects and higher patient satisfaction than cryotherapy. Thermo\u2010coagulation should be the recommended ablative treatment method for low\u2010resource settings of the world.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1111\/jog.14139","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2019,10,9]],"date-time":"2019-10-09T04:56:05Z","timestamp":1570596965000},"page":"147-152","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":15,"title":["Thermo\u2010coagulation versus cryotherapy for treatment of cervical precancers: A prospective analytical study in a low\u2010resource African setting"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"46","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-3450-0893","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Chibuike O.","family":"Chigbu","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology College of Medicine, University of Nigeria Nsukka  Nsukka Nigeria"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Elijah N.","family":"Onwudiwe","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology College of Medicine, University of Nigeria Nsukka  Nsukka Nigeria"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Azubuike K.","family":"Onyebuchi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology Federal Teaching Hospital Abakaliki  Abakaliki Nigeria"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2019,10,8]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_7_2_1","volume-title":"Prevention of Cervical Cancer through Screening Using Visual Inspection with Acetic Acid (VIA) and Treatment with Cryotherapy. A Demonstration Project in Six African Countries: Malawi, Madagascar, Nigeria, Uganda, the United Republic of Tanzania, and Zambia","author":"World Health Organization","year":"2012"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/ijc.30101"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.canep.2017.06.008"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_5_1","first-page":"2018","volume-title":"National Cancer Control Plan","author":"Federal Ministry of Health Nigeria","year":"2018"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0968-8080(08)32401-X"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_7_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/1471-0528.12655"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_8_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/s12905-016-0355-x"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_9_1","volume-title":"A Practical Manual on Visual Screening for Cervical Neoplasia","author":"International Agency for Research on Cancer","year":"2003"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_10_1","volume-title":"Atlas of Colposcopy \u2013 Principles and Practice","author":"Basu P","year":"2017"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_11_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1600-0412.2012.01456.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_12_1","volume-title":"WHO Guidelines: Use of Cryotherapy for Cervical Intraepithelial Neoplasia","author":"World Health Organization","year":"2011"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_13_1","volume-title":"Colposcopy and Teatment of Cervical Precancer Lyon","author":"Prendiville W","year":"2017"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_14_1","volume-title":"Prevention of Cervical Cancer through Screening Using Visual Inspection with Acetic Acid (VIA) and Treatment with Cryotherapy. 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