{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,11,3]],"date-time":"2026-11-03T18:06:57Z","timestamp":1793729217049,"version":"4.6.1"},"reference-count":29,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"11","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2021,8,8]],"date-time":"2021-08-08T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1628380800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["obgyn.onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["J of Obstet and Gynaecol"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2021,11]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:sec><jats:title>Aim<\/jats:title><jats:p>It is uncertain whether curative surgical treatment or a less radical surgery with adjuvant treatment should be provided to preserve function in patients with vulvar squamous cell carcinoma (SCC) that is adjacent to the urethra, anus, and vagina. The aim of this study was to investigate the surgical margin in patients with vulvar SCC with regard to local recurrence and overall survival.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title><jats:p>Thirty\u2010four patients were identified as having a diagnosis of vulvar SCC without distant metastasis. They had been treated surgically with curative intent at the Cancer Institute Hospital. Clinical data were analyzed retrospectively.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Results<\/jats:title><jats:p>Rates of 5\u2010year local recurrence\u2010free survival among patients with positive, &lt;3\u2010mm, &lt;5\u2010mm, &lt;8\u2010mm, and \u22658\u2010mm surgical margins were 32%, 30.3%, 42.5%, 55.5%, and 73%, respectively. Rates of 5\u2010year overall survival of patients with positive, &lt;3\u2010mm, &lt;5\u2010mm, &lt;8\u2010mm, and \u22658\u2010mm surgical margins were 15.5%, 53.8%, 58.8%, 67.6%, and 83.3%, respectively. In the multivariable analysis, a tumor size of more than 2\u2010cm (hazard ratio [HR]\u00a0=\u00a017.7, 95% confidence interval [CI]\u00a0=\u00a01.39\u2013226) and a positive surgical margin (HR\u00a0=\u00a00.0092, 95% CI\u00a0=\u00a00.011\u20130.53) were risk factors for local recurrence, and a lymph node involvement (HR\u00a0=\u00a01.41, 95% CI\u00a0=\u00a00.31\u20136.43) and a positive surgical margin (HR\u00a0=\u00a00.0046, 95% CI\u00a0=\u00a00.011\u20130.53) were significant risk factors for overall mortality.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title><jats:p>To improve the prognosis, thorough resection with an adequate surgical margin is needed. But narrow surgical margin may be acceptable, particularly to preserve the function of adjacent organs.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1111\/jog.14962","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2021,8,8]],"date-time":"2021-08-08T23:50:20Z","timestamp":1628466620000},"page":"3990-3997","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":13,"title":["Positive surgical margin is an independent predictor of overall survival of patients with vulvar squamous cell carcinoma"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"47","author":[{"given":"Hidetaka","family":"Nomura","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Gynecology Cancer Institute Hospital of Japanese Foundation for Cancer Research  Tokyo Japan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Makiko","family":"Omi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Gynecology Cancer Institute Hospital of Japanese Foundation for Cancer Research  Tokyo Japan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Sachiho","family":"Netsu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Gynecology Cancer Institute Hospital of Japanese Foundation for Cancer Research  Tokyo Japan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yoichi","family":"Aoki","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Gynecology Cancer Institute Hospital of Japanese Foundation for Cancer Research  Tokyo Japan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Terumi","family":"Tanigawa","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Gynecology Cancer Institute Hospital of Japanese Foundation for Cancer Research  Tokyo Japan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Tomoko","family":"Kurita","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Gynecology Cancer Institute Hospital of Japanese Foundation for Cancer Research  Tokyo Japan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Maki","family":"Matoda","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Gynecology Cancer Institute Hospital of Japanese Foundation for Cancer Research  Tokyo Japan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Sanshiro","family":"Okamoto","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Gynecology Cancer Institute Hospital of Japanese Foundation for Cancer Research  Tokyo Japan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Kohei","family":"Omatsu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Gynecology Cancer Institute Hospital of Japanese Foundation for Cancer Research  Tokyo Japan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Hiroyuki","family":"Kanao","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Gynecology Cancer Institute Hospital of Japanese Foundation for Cancer Research  Tokyo Japan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2021,8,8]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_8_2_1","volume-title":"SEER cancer statistics Review, 1975\u20102016","author":"Howlader N","year":"2020"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ygyno.2008.01.041"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_4_1","first-page":"387","article-title":"Radiotherapy as definitive treatment of patients with primary vulvar carcinoma unfit for surgery and with recurrent vulvar carcinoma after primary radical surgery: results of a retrospective single\u2010center study","volume":"36","author":"Laliscia C","year":"2016","journal-title":"Anticancer Res"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ygyno.2019.05.010"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ejso.2018.05.031"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_7_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0090-8258(90)90064-R"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_8_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/cncr.10969"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_9_1","unstructured":"NCCN guidelines Version 1. 2020 (2020) Vulvar Cancer (Squamous Cell Carccinoma).https:\/\/www.nccn.org\/professionals\/physician_gls\/pdf\/vulvar.pdf. 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