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However, adverse effects of ACS on the fetal brain have also been reported. The time interval from ACS administration to delivery (ACS\u2010to\u2010delivery interval) might alter the effect of ACS on the fetal brain. This study aimed to evaluate the effect of ACS\u2010to\u2010delivery interval on cord blood S100 calcium\u2010binding protein B (S100B) levels as a biomarker of brain damage.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title><jats:p>Women who delivered between 2012 and 2020 at a tertiary medical center were divided into three groups according to ACS use and ACS\u2010to\u2010delivery interval, retrospectively: non\u2010ACS, ACS \u22647\u2009days, and ACS &gt;7\u2009days. Patients who did not complete the ACS regimen were excluded. The primary outcome was cord blood S100B levels.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Results<\/jats:title><jats:p>Cord blood S100B levels were significantly lower in the ACS \u22647\u2009days group than in the non\u2010ACS and ACS &gt;7\u2009days groups. In the multiple regression analysis, birth \u22647\u2009days after ACS showed a significant negative association with S100B level (<jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\u2009&lt;\u20090.001).<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title><jats:p>Reduced S100B levels were observed in infants born \u22647\u2009days after ACS but not in infants born &gt;7\u2009days after ACS. These findings suggest the importance of ACS timing to optimize its effects on the fetal brain, although further studies are required to identify these mechanisms.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1111\/jog.15582","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2023,2,10]],"date-time":"2023-02-10T03:14:58Z","timestamp":1675998898000},"page":"1129-1136","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":5,"title":["Antenatal corticosteroids\u2010to\u2010delivery interval associates cord blood <scp>S100B<\/scp> levels"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"49","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-3111-8349","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Kazuya","family":"Fuma","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine  Nagoya 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