{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,1,6]],"date-time":"2026-01-06T01:59:01Z","timestamp":1767664741211,"version":"3.40.5"},"reference-count":28,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"10","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2023,7,29]],"date-time":"2023-07-29T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1690588800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["obgyn.onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["J of Obstet and Gynaecol"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2023,10]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:sec><jats:title>Aim<\/jats:title><jats:p>To investigate the immune status of Chinese chronic hepatitis B (CHB) pregnant women and their clinical characteristics.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title><jats:p>About 1544 CHB pregnant women without antiviral therapy from 2013 to 2018 were selected from the hospital records. The definition of immune status is based on American Association for the Study of Liver Diseases (AASLD) 2018 Hepatitis B Guidance, and those who did not meet any criteria of the immune status were referred to in the gray zones (GZ).<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Results<\/jats:title><jats:p>There were 284 patients in the immune\u2010tolerance phase, 72 patients in the HBeAg\u2010positive immune active phase, 553 patients in the inactive phase, 61 patients in the HBeAg\u2010negative immune active phase. Of note, 574 (37.18%) patients did not fit into any of the above phases were defined as the GZ. Patients with elevated ALT had a higher rate of intrahepatic cholestasis of pregnancy (ICP). Mother to child HBV transmission was rare (only two cases) and occurred in mothers in the immune\u2010tolerant phase.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title><jats:p>Our data showed that more than one\u2010third of CHB pregnant women were classified into the GZ. In standard stages, advanced age is associated with HBeAg\u2010negative and a higher cesarean rate in the inactive phase. The incidence of ICP was higher in immune active phases, including GB and GD. The probability of mother\u2010to\u2010child transmission in gray zones is low.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1111\/jog.15753","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2023,7,29]],"date-time":"2023-07-29T11:20:37Z","timestamp":1690629637000},"page":"2427-2435","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":5,"title":["Staging and clinical characteristics of pregnant women with chronic hepatitis B virus infection: A retrospective cohort study from Nanjing, China"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"49","author":[{"given":"Yuhao","family":"Ju","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, The Second Hospital of Nanjing Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine Nanjing 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