{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,11,3]],"date-time":"2026-11-03T12:25:32Z","timestamp":1793708732619,"version":"4.6.1"},"reference-count":45,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"12","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2024,10,30]],"date-time":"2024-10-30T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1730246400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc-nd\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["obgyn.onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["J of Obstet and Gynaecol"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2024,12]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:sec><jats:title>Aim<\/jats:title><jats:p>Describe the current phenotypes and clinical laboratory data regarding polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) in Japan, taking into account ethnic differences and obesity status.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title><jats:p>Data for 986 PCOS cases and 965 control cases were collected using a nationwide survey in Japan. Obese\/overweight (body mass index [BMI] \u226525\u2009kg\/m<jats:sup>2<\/jats:sup>) and non\u2010obese\/overweight (BMI &lt;25\u2009kg\/m<jats:sup>2<\/jats:sup>) cases were compared.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Results<\/jats:title><jats:p>Japanese PCOS cases predominantly involved non\u2010obese\/overweight patients, accounting for 75% of all cases. Among non\u2010obese\/overweight PCOS cases, the incidence of both amenorrhea and clinical\/biochemical hyperandrogenism was significantly lower than in obese\/overweight PCOS cases, whereas the rate of elevated serum luteinizing hormone (LH) level was significantly higher. Even though the incidence of hirsutism in Japan is only 13.5%, the detection rate for hyperandrogenism increased by as much as 30.4% when hirsutism was added to the Japan Society of Obstetrics and Gynecology (JSOG) criteria for the diagnosis of hyperandrogenism in addition to elevated serum total testosterone level. When evaluated based on timing of blood sampling, the LH level and LH\/follicle\u2010stimulating hormone ratio determined at the initial consultation involving a chief complaint of irregular menstrual cycle (after confirming the absence of follicles measuring \u22651\u2009cm in diameter) were significantly higher than on days 2\u20133 or 4\u20136 of the menstrual cycle.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title><jats:p>Ethnic differences, including obesity status, affected the phenotype and clinical laboratory data of Japanese PCOS patients, such as the incidence rates of clinical\/biochemical hyperandrogenism and the rate of elevated basal LH level. Adding hirsutism to the JSOG 2024 criteria would enhance the accuracy of PCOS diagnosis and enhance consistency with the Rotterdam 2003 criteria. Measuring basal LH level is useful for assessing the endocrinologic characteristics of Japanese PCOS cases, as well as lean Asian PCOS cases, but the timing of blood sampling can affect the result.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1111\/jog.16136","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,10,30]],"date-time":"2024-10-30T16:01:07Z","timestamp":1730304067000},"page":"2346-2356","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":9,"title":["Phenotypes and clinical laboratory data for polycystic ovary syndrome cases: A nationwide survey in Japan"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"50","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0004-5350-8331","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Hiroki","family":"Noguchi","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Tokushima University  Tokushima Japan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-1014-5687","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Takeshi","family":"Iwasa","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Tokushima University  Tokushima Japan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Akira","family":"Iwase","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology Gunma University Graduate School of Medicine  Gunma Japan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-7011-8109","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Haruhiko","family":"Kanasaki","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Obstetrics and Gynecology, Faculty of Medicine Shimane University  Shimane Japan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-9840-4227","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Fuminori","family":"Kimura","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology Nara Medical University  Nara Japan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Koji","family":"Kugu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences (Narita Campus) International University of Health and Welfare  Chiba Japan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Kazuki","family":"Saito","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Perinatal and Maternal Medicine (Ibaraki) Graduate School, Tokyo Medical and Dental University  Tokyo Japan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-1493-3816","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Tsuyoshi","family":"Baba","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology Sapporo Medical University  Hokkaido Japan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Tetsuaki","family":"Hara","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Reproductive Medicine Hiroshima Prefectural Hospital  Hiroshima Japan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Toshiya","family":"Matsuzaki","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology Yoshinogawa Medical Center  Tokushima Japan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2024,10,30]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_8_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(23)02750-2"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_3_1","unstructured":"Ministry of Health Labour and Welfare.National Health and Nutrition Survey.2019[Cited 30 May 2024]. 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