{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,7,30]],"date-time":"2025-07-30T12:35:44Z","timestamp":1753878944158,"version":"3.41.2"},"reference-count":28,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2024,11,21]],"date-time":"2024-11-21T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1732147200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["obgyn.onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["J of Obstet and Gynaecol"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2025,1]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:sec><jats:title>Aim<\/jats:title><jats:p>To evaluate the causes and clinical characteristics of primary amenorrhea and ovarian or gonadal disorders in women.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title><jats:p>The medical records of all women evaluated for primary amenorrhea between January 2002 and December 2023 were retrospectively reviewed. Women with missing data were excluded from the study. Disorders of the ovary or gonads (hypergonadotropic hypogonadism) were defined as increased serum follicle\u2010stimulating hormone (FSH) levels (&gt;40 mIU\/mL).<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Results<\/jats:title><jats:p>Over a 21\u2010year period, after excluding 1 woman with incomplete data, the study included 87 women who met the inclusion criteria. The median age at presentation was 18\u2009years (interquartile range [IQR], 17\u201320). The median estradiol level was 5\u2009pg\/mL (IQR 5\u201310.4), and the median FSH level was 80\u2009mIU\/mL (IQR 63.1\u201394.9). The most common cause of primary amenorrhea was Turner syndrome (TS), followed by 46,XX and 46,XY gonadal dysgenesis. The median height was 147\u2009cm (IQR, 140\u2013158.7), and 50 women (57.5%) had karyotypic abnormalities, with TS being the most common abnormality.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title><jats:p>TS was identified as the most common cause of primary amenorrhea with ovarian or gonadal disorders.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1111\/jog.16165","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,11,21]],"date-time":"2024-11-21T10:10:08Z","timestamp":1732183808000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Causes and clinical characteristics of women with primary amenorrhea and ovarian or gonadal disorders at a quaternary hospital"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"51","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-4263-5226","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Krantarat","family":"Peeyananjarassri","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Obstetrics and 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