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Antimicrobial and corticosteroid treatments were initiated for patients with intra\u2010amniotic inflammation and a high infection risk, and the diagnosis was confirmed 2\u2009days later by culture results, including\n                      <jats:italic>Ureaplasma<\/jats:italic>\n                      spp. and\n                      <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">\n                        <jats:italic>Mycoplasma hominis<\/jats:italic>\n                      <\/jats:styled-content>\n                      , which guided further treatment.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>This retrospective cohort study included singleton pregnant women diagnosed with intra\u2010amniotic infection between 20\u2009+\u20090 and 33\u2009+\u20096\u2009weeks of gestation between 2014 and 2021. Intra\u2010amniotic inflammation was defined as an interleukin\u20106 concentration of \u2265\u20093.0\u2009ng\/mL in amniotic fluid, and intra\u2010amniotic infection was confirmed by positive amniotic fluid cultures combined with inflammation. First\u2010line antimicrobial therapy consisted of sulbactam\/ampicillin and azithromycin. Primary outcome was the proportion of patients in which pregnancy was prolonged beyond 48\u2009h without exacerbation of intra\u2010amniotic inflammation. Secondary outcome was prolonged pregnancy beyond 168\u2009h.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      Of 56 diagnosed patients, 45 were analyzed. Pregnancy was prolonged beyond 48\u2009h without exacerbation in 71.9% of the women in a\n                      <jats:italic>Ureaplasma<\/jats:italic>\n                      spp.\/\n                      <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">\n                        <jats:italic>Mycoplasma hominis<\/jats:italic>\n                      <\/jats:styled-content>\n                      \u2010only group compared with 23.0% in the other bacterial group (\n                      <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u2009=\u20090.006). Pregnancy was significantly prolonged beyond 168\u2009h in the\n                      <jats:italic>Ureaplasma<\/jats:italic>\n                      spp.\/\n                      <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">\n                        <jats:italic>Mycoplasma hominis<\/jats:italic>\n                      <\/jats:styled-content>\n                      \u2010only group compared with that in the other bacterial group (28.1% vs. 0%,\n                      <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u2009=\u20090.04).\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      Expectant management with antibiotics is feasible in the short term for subclinical intra\u2010amniotic infections caused solely by\n                      <jats:italic>Ureaplasma<\/jats:italic>\n                      spp.\/\n                      <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">\n                        <jats:italic>Mycoplasma hominis<\/jats:italic>\n                      <\/jats:styled-content>\n                      . However, for cases caused by the other bacteria, further studies are needed to determine appropriate management strategies.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1111\/jog.70220","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,2,23]],"date-time":"2026-02-23T06:57:49Z","timestamp":1771829869000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Short\u2010Term Outcomes of Expectant Management With Antibiotics for Preterm Subclinical Intra\u2010Amniotic Infection"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"52","author":[{"given":"Makoto","family":"Nomiyama","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology NHO Saga Hospital  Saga 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