{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,22]],"date-time":"2026-07-22T06:01:23Z","timestamp":1784700083275,"version":"3.55.0"},"reference-count":44,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"7","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,1]],"date-time":"2026-07-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1782864000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,1]],"date-time":"2026-07-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1782864000000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/doi.wiley.com\/10.1002\/tdm_license_1.1"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["obgyn.onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["J of Obstet and Gynaecol"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,7]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>ABSTRACT<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Objective<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Preterm birth (PTB) is a leading cause of neonatal morbidity and mortality worldwide, with India alone contributing nearly 27% of the global PTB burden. Although alterations in the vaginal microbiome have been implicated in PTB, its association in the Indian context is underexplored. This study aimed to investigate the association of the vaginal microbiome and PTB in Indian women at the time of delivery.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Study Design<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>The vaginal swabs were collected at the time of delivery from 72 women (31 term, 41 preterm) admitted to a tertiary care hospital in Western India. Microbial DNA was extracted, and the V3\u2013V4 region of the 16S rRNA gene was sequenced. Community composition, alpha and beta diversity, and differential taxonomic abundance were assessed using bioinformatics pipelines.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      There were no significant differences in alpha or beta diversity between term and preterm groups. Principal coordinate and unsupervised clustering analyses showed no group\u2010wise segregation. The relative abundance of individual\n                      <jats:italic>Lactobacillus<\/jats:italic>\n                      species, including\n                      <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">\n                        <jats:italic>L. iners<\/jats:italic>\n                      <\/jats:styled-content>\n                      and\n                      <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">\n                        <jats:italic>L. helveticus<\/jats:italic>\n                      <\/jats:styled-content>\n                      , did not differ significantly between the two groups. However, a modest difference in the relative abundance of\n                      <jats:italic>Streptococcus<\/jats:italic>\n                      was observed between the two groups after adjustment.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>This study found no major microbial shifts in the vaginal microbiome associated with preterm birth in this cross\u2010sectional cohort of Indian women, suggesting that vaginal dysbiosis at the time of delivery may not be a principal driver of PTB in this population. These findings underscore the need for larger, longitudinal, and ethnically diverse studies using standardized methodologies better to understand the microbiome's role in PTB risk.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1111\/jog.70381","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,1]],"date-time":"2026-07-01T21:54:23Z","timestamp":1782942863000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Vaginal Microbiome and Preterm Birth in Pregnant Women From India"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"52","author":[{"given":"Abhishek","family":"Singh","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Microbiology MGM Institute of Health Sciences  Navi Mumbai India"},{"name":"Molecular and Cellular Biology Laboratory, ICMR\u2010National Institute for Research in Reproductive and Child Health Indian Council of Medical Research (ICMR)  Mumbai India"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Karisma","family":"Chhabria","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Molecular and Cellular Biology Laboratory, ICMR\u2010National Institute for Research in Reproductive and Child Health Indian Council of Medical Research (ICMR)  Mumbai India"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Neerja","family":"Vashist","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Molecular and Cellular Biology Laboratory, ICMR\u2010National Institute for Research in Reproductive and Child Health Indian Council of Medical Research (ICMR)  Mumbai India"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-9438-4599","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Salomi","family":"Singh","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology MGM Institute of Health Sciences  Navi Mumbai India"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Garima","family":"Suneja","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Mibiome Therapeutics LLP  Mumbai India"},{"name":"Microbiome Research Pvt. 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