{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,21]],"date-time":"2026-09-21T11:59:58Z","timestamp":1789991998367,"version":"4.0.1"},"reference-count":49,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"3","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2014,4,15]],"date-time":"2014-04-15T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1397520000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["J Interven Cardiology"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2014,6]]},"abstract":"<jats:sec><jats:title>Objectives<\/jats:title><jats:p><jats:italic>To systematically review reported cases of second transcatheter aortic valve deployment within a previously implanted prosthesis (TAV\u2010in\u2010TAV)<\/jats:italic>.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Background<\/jats:title><jats:p><jats:italic>TAV\u2010in\u2010TAV deployment is one of the rescue strategies undertaken due to an unsuccessful or suboptimal transcatheter aortic valve implantation (TAVI) result. Currently, there are no clear indications for second valve implantation and outcomes of patients with 2 prostheses deployed remain poorly known<\/jats:italic>.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title><jats:p><jats:italic>The MEDLINE and PubMed databases were searched for cases of TAV\u2010in\u2010TAV implantations of aortic valve<\/jats:italic>.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Results<\/jats:title><jats:p><jats:italic>Forty\u2010three articles reporting on TAV\u2010in\u2010TAV deployment were included in the review. The most frequently observed indication for second valve implantation was aortic regurgitation (AR) occurring shortly after TAVI. There was a strong dominance of paravalvular over intravalvular AR, with prosthesis malposition being the main underlying cause of TAVI failure (81% of all identified cases). Perioperative echocardiographic images are crucial in identifying causes of failure and helpful in optimal rescue strategy selection. Success rate of TAV\u2010in\u2010TAV implantation varies from 90% to 100% with mortality rate of 0\u201314.3% at 30 days. Despite similar aortic valve function in follow\u2010up, TAV\u2010in\u2010TAV may be an independent predictor of increased cardiovascular mortality<\/jats:italic>.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title><jats:p><jats:italic>TAV\u2010in\u2010TAV implantation is feasible and results in favorable short\u2010 and mid\u2010term outcomes in patients with acute failure of TAVI without recourse to open\u2010heart surgery. Further studies are needed to establish algorithm of the management of unsuccessful or suboptimal implantation results<\/jats:italic>. 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