{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,12,27]],"date-time":"2025-12-27T07:24:06Z","timestamp":1766820246006},"reference-count":11,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"4","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2014,5,11]],"date-time":"2014-05-11T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1399766400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["J Interven Cardiology"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2014,8]]},"abstract":"<jats:sec><jats:title>Background<\/jats:title><jats:p><jats:italic>Hostile anatomy of the subclavian artery (severe tortuosity and\/or heavy calcification) remains a significant obstacle for the transradial approach during coronary angiography and interventions<\/jats:italic>.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Objective<\/jats:title><jats:p><jats:italic>To assess impacts on fluoroscopy and procedural times, complications, and radial artery patency in patients with hostile subclavian anatomy by using multiple catheter\u2010guide techniques<\/jats:italic>.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title><jats:p><jats:italic>We retrospectively reviewed the medical and equipment data of 4,580 consecutive patients (mean age 74.4\u2009\u00b1\u200926.7 years, 49.5% females) who have been referred for transradial coronary angiography and\/or interventions within the last 3 years (September 2010\u2013September 2013). In order to overcome the strangling hold of a hostile subclavian artery, 2 techniques have been used: (1) for a coronary angiography\u2010only procedure, a double mother and child technique; (2) for percutaneous coronary intervention, a triple mother and child technique<\/jats:italic>.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Results<\/jats:title><jats:p><jats:italic>Ninety\u2010five patients (2.1%) from the entire study population exhibited a hostile subclavian artery. Fifty\u2010two patients (1.1%) underwent coronary angiography only and 43 patients (1%) underwent interventions requiring the use of the above double or triple mother and child techniques, respectively. The 2 techniques were successful in 94.7% of patients (90\/95 patients). The procedural time was significantly longer in the patients with hostile subclavian artery while there were no differences in the fluoroscopy time. The radial artery was patent at 30 days in 92.6% of patients (88\/95 patients)<\/jats:italic>.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title><jats:p><jats:italic>Our data showed that in the presence of hostile subclavian anatomy, the mother and child techniques appeared safe and effective, allowing for the completion of the intended procedure<\/jats:italic>. (J Interven Cardiol 2014;27:428\u2013434)<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1111\/joic.12127","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2014,5,12]],"date-time":"2014-05-12T02:38:41Z","timestamp":1399862321000},"page":"428-434","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":10,"title":["Strategies to Overcome Hostile Subclavian Anatomy during Transradial Coronary Angiography and Interventions: Impact on Fluoroscopy, Procedural Time, Complications, and Radial Patency"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"27","author":[{"given":"GIANLUCA","family":"RIGATELLI","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Cardiovascular Diagnosis and Endoluminal Interventions Rovigo General Hospital, Rovigo Legnago Italy"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"FABIO","family":"DELL'AVVOCATA","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Cardiovascular Diagnosis and Endoluminal Interventions Rovigo General Hospital, Rovigo Legnago Italy"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"DOBRIN","family":"VASSILIEV","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Interventional Cardiology National Heart Institute Sofia Bulgaria"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"RAMESH","family":"DAGGUBATI","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Brody School of Medicine at East Carolina University Greenville North Carolina"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"ARAVINDA","family":"NANJIUNDAPPA","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"CAMC Vascular Center of Excellence West Virginia University Charleston West Virginia"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"MASSIMO","family":"GIORDAN","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Cardiovascular Diagnosis and Endoluminal Interventions Rovigo General Hospital, Rovigo Legnago Italy"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"KHALID","family":"AL AZZA","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Cardiology Department St. Mary Medical Center Hobart Indiana"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"PAOLO","family":"CARDAIOLI","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Cardiovascular Diagnosis and Endoluminal Interventions Rovigo General Hospital, Rovigo Legnago Italy"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"THACH","family":"NGUYEN","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Cardiology Department St. Mary Medical Center Hobart 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