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Low\u2010resolution HLA<\/jats:styled-content>\u2010A, \u2010Cw and \u2010DRB<\/jats:styled-content>1 allele typing was carried out in 86 families comprising 339 individuals (86 Ro\/SSA<\/jats:styled-content> autoantibody\u2010positive mothers, 71 fathers, 87 CHB<\/jats:styled-content> index cases and 95 unaffected siblings).<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>Results<\/jats:title>A case\u2013control comparison between index cases and population\u2010based out\u2010of\u2010study controls (n<\/jats:italic>\u00a0=\u00a01710) revealed association of CHB<\/jats:styled-content> with 15 SNP<\/jats:styled-content>s in the 6p21.3 MHC<\/jats:styled-content> locus at a chromosome\u2010wide significance of P\u00a0<\/jats:italic><\u00a0<\/jats:italic>2.59\u00a0\u00d7\u00a010\u22126<\/jats:sup> (OR<\/jats:styled-content> 2.21\u20133.12). In a family\u2010based analysis of association of SNP<\/jats:styled-content> markers as well as distinct MHC<\/jats:styled-content> class I and II<\/jats:styled-content> alleles with CHB<\/jats:styled-content>, HLA<\/jats:styled-content>\u2010DRB<\/jats:styled-content>1*04 and HLA<\/jats:styled-content>\u2010Cw*05 variants were significantly more frequently transmitted to affected individuals (P\u00a0<\/jats:italic><\u00a0<\/jats:italic>0.03 and P\u00a0<\/jats:italic><\u00a0<\/jats:italic>0.05, respectively), whilst HLA<\/jats:styled-content>\u2010DRB<\/jats:styled-content>1*13 and HLA<\/jats:styled-content>\u2010Cw*06 variants were significantly less often transmitted to affected children (P\u00a0<\/jats:italic><\u00a0<\/jats:italic>0.04 and P\u00a0<\/jats:italic><\u00a0<\/jats:italic>0.03). We further observed marked association of increased paternal (but not maternal) HLA<\/jats:styled-content>\u2010DRB<\/jats:styled-content>1*04 transmission to affected offspring (P<\/jats:italic>\u00a0<\u00a00.02).<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>Conclusions<\/jats:title>HLA<\/jats:styled-content>\u2010DRB<\/jats:styled-content>1*04 and HLA<\/jats:styled-content>\u2010Cw*05 were identified as novel foetal HLA<\/jats:styled-content> allele variants that confer susceptibility to CHB<\/jats:styled-content> in response to Ro\/SSA<\/jats:styled-content> autoantibody exposure, whilst DRB<\/jats:styled-content>1*13 and Cw*06 emerged as protective alleles. 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