{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,19]],"date-time":"2026-09-19T06:40:18Z","timestamp":1789800018275,"version":"4.0.1"},"reference-count":34,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"5","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2014,8,1]],"date-time":"2014-08-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1406851200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100003725","name":"National Research Foundation of Korea","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100003725","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"crossref"}]},{"name":"Korean government","award":["2011-0030072"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["2011-0030072"]}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["J Intern Med"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2015,5]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:sec><jats:title>Objectives<\/jats:title><jats:p>The effectiveness of antiviral agents for the treatment of Bell's palsy is uncertain. We evaluated whether a steroid with an antiviral agent (S\u00a0+\u00a0A group) provided better recovery outcomes than a steroid alone (S group) in patients with Bell's palsy.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Subjects and design<\/jats:title><jats:p>A total of 1342 patients diagnosed with Bell's palsy who visited the Kyung Hee Medical Center in Seoul, Korea, from 2002 to 2012 were included in this study. Patients in the S\u00a0+\u00a0A group were treated with prednisolone and antiviral agents (<jats:italic>n<\/jats:italic>\u00a0=\u00a0569) and those in the S group with prednisolone alone (<jats:italic>n\u00a0<\/jats:italic>=<jats:italic>\u00a0<\/jats:italic>773). Outcomes were measured using the House\u2013Brackmann (<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">HB<\/jats:styled-content>) scale according to age, initial disease severity, electroneurography (ENoG) findings and underlying comorbidities.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Results<\/jats:title><jats:p>The rate of recovery (<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">HB<\/jats:styled-content> grades I and <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">II<\/jats:styled-content>) with initially severe Bell's palsy (<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">HB<\/jats:styled-content> grades V and VI) was higher in the S\u00a0+\u00a0A than in the S group (<jats:italic>P\u00a0<\/jats:italic>=<jats:italic>\u00a0<\/jats:italic>0.001). However, the rates of recovery were similar with initially moderate palsy (<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">HB<\/jats:styled-content> grades <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">II<\/jats:styled-content>\u2013<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">IV<\/jats:styled-content>) (<jats:italic>P\u00a0<\/jats:italic>=<jats:italic>\u00a0<\/jats:italic>0.502). In patients classified according to age and ENoG\u2010determined severity of palsy, the overall recovery rate was higher in the S\u00a0+\u00a0A than in the S group, but the differences were not statistically significant (<jats:italic>P\u00a0<\/jats:italic>&gt;<jats:italic>\u00a0<\/jats:italic>0.05 for both). The recovery rate without diabetes mellitus (<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">DM<\/jats:styled-content>) and hypertension (<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">HTN<\/jats:styled-content>) was higher in the S\u00a0+\u00a0A group than in the S group (<jats:italic>P\u00a0<\/jats:italic>=<jats:italic>\u00a0<\/jats:italic>0.031). But in the patients with <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">HTN<\/jats:styled-content> and <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">DM<\/jats:styled-content>, the difference in recovery rates between the S\u00a0+\u00a0A and S groups was not statistically significant (<jats:italic>P\u00a0<\/jats:italic>=<jats:italic>\u00a0<\/jats:italic>0.805).<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title><jats:p>Treatment with a steroid plus antiviral agent resulted in significantly higher recovery rates than steroid therapy alone in patients with initially severe Bell's palsy and without either <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">HTN<\/jats:styled-content> or <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">DM<\/jats:styled-content>, and a nonsignificant trend towards higher recovery rates in all patients with Bell's palsy in this study. Antiviral agents may therefore help in the treatment of Bell's palsy.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1111\/joim.12288","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2014,7,15]],"date-time":"2014-07-15T19:19:24Z","timestamp":1405451964000},"page":"532-539","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":27,"title":["Steroid plus antiviral treatment for Bell's palsy"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"277","author":[{"given":"H. M.","family":"Kang","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Otorhinolaryngology School of Medicine Kyung Hee University Seoul Korea"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"S. Y.","family":"Jung","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Otorhinolaryngology School of Medicine Kyung Hee University Seoul Korea"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"J. Y.","family":"Byun","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Otorhinolaryngology School of Medicine Kyung Hee University Seoul Korea"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"M. S.","family":"Park","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Otorhinolaryngology School of Medicine Kyung Hee University Seoul Korea"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"S. G.","family":"Yeo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Otorhinolaryngology School of Medicine Kyung Hee University Seoul Korea"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2014,8]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_7_2_1","first-page":"287","article-title":"The epidemiology of Bell's palsy","volume":"41","author":"Diego\u2010Sastre JI","year":"2005","journal-title":"Rev Neurol"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/00034894880976S301"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.amjoto.2004.04.011"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/MAO.0b013e318289844c"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1600-0404.1991.tb03959.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_7_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1055\/s-2007-1008801"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_8_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMcp041120"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_9_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/JCM.39.8.2856-2859.2001"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_10_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(08)60776-X"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_11_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1288\/00005537-195809000-00006"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_12_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1001\/archoto.2012.513"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_13_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/14651858"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_14_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/01.mao.0000265190.29969.12"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_15_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMoa072006"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_16_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s00415-008-0008-6"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_17_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1212\/WNL.56.7.830"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_18_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/019459988509300202"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_19_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/MAO.0b013e3182009f35"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_20_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1001\/archotol.1947.00690020439001"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_21_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1288\/00005537-194611000-00002"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_22_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.7326\/0003-4819-124-1_Part_1-199601010-00005"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_23_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.amjoto.2007.05.001"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_24_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.amjmed.2012.08.020"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_25_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/lary.20626"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_26_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.anl.2006.09.005"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_27_1","first-page":"209","article-title":"Treatment of Bell's palsy with acyclovir and methylprednisolone","volume":"119","author":"Lejeune D","year":"2002","journal-title":"Ann Otolaryngol Chir Cervicofac"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_28_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/1471-2377-11-1"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_29_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1001\/archotol.1981.00790370003001"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_30_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1288\/00005537-198504000-00007"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_31_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s00405-013-2676-9"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_32_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/MAO.0b013e3182829636"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_33_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/MAO.0b013e31822558de"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_34_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/00016480601075399"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_35_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3122\/jabfm.2012.06.120084"}],"container-title":["Journal of Internal Medicine"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/api.wiley.com\/onlinelibrary\/tdm\/v1\/articles\/10.1111%2Fjoim.12288","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/api.wiley.com\/onlinelibrary\/tdm\/v1\/articles\/10.1111%2Fjoim.12288","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1111\/joim.12288","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2023,9,23]],"date-time":"2023-09-23T15:56:25Z","timestamp":1695484585000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/10.1111\/joim.12288"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2014,8]]},"references-count":34,"journal-issue":{"issue":"5","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2015,5]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1111\/joim.12288"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1111\/joim.12288","archive":["Portico"],"relation":{},"ISSN":["0954-6820","1365-2796"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0954-6820","type":"print"},{"value":"1365-2796","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2014,8]]}}}