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T2<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">DM<\/jats:styled-content> is commonly treated with more than one type of therapy, including oral antidiabetic drugs (<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">OAD<\/jats:styled-content>s) and agents used in the treatment of diabetic complications. Several pharmacological classes of <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">OAD<\/jats:styled-content>s are currently available for the treatment of T2<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">DM<\/jats:styled-content>, of which insulin secretagogues (i.e. sulphonylureas and meglitinides), insulin sensitizers [thiazolidinediones (TZDs)] and biguanides are the most commonly prescribed. Although many of these <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">OAD<\/jats:styled-content>s have been used for more than half a century in the treatment of T2<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">DM<\/jats:styled-content>, the pharmacogenomic characteristics of these compounds have only recently been investigated, primarily in retrospective studies. Recent advances in pharmacogenomics have led to the identification of polymorphisms that affect the expression and function of drug\u2010metabolizing enzymes and drug transporters, as well as drug targets and receptors. These polymorphisms have been shown to affect the therapeutic response to and side effects associated with <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">OAD<\/jats:styled-content>s. The aim of this review was to provide an up\u2010to\u2010date summary of some of the pharmacogenomic data obtained from studies of T2<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">DM<\/jats:styled-content> treatment, with a focus on polymorphisms in genes affecting pharmacokinetics, pharmacodynamics and treatment outcome of the most commonly prescribed <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">OAD<\/jats:styled-content>s. In addition, the implications of pharmacogenomics in the use of the <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">OAD<\/jats:styled-content> metformin in cancer will be briefly discussed. Finally, we will focus on recent advances in novel \u2018omics\u2019 technologies and discuss how these might aid in the personalized management of T2<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">DM<\/jats:styled-content>.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1111\/joim.12330","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2014,11,24]],"date-time":"2014-11-24T05:13:21Z","timestamp":1416806001000},"page":"235-247","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":29,"title":["Stratified medicine for the use of antidiabetic medication in treatment of type <scp>II<\/scp> diabetes and cancer: where do we go from here?"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"277","author":[{"given":"A.","family":"Emami\u2010Riedmaier","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Dr. Margarete Fischer\u2010Bosch\u2010Institute of Clinical Pharmacology Stuttgart Germany"},{"name":"University of T\u00fcbingen T\u00fcbingen Germany"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"E.","family":"Schaeffeler","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Dr. Margarete Fischer\u2010Bosch\u2010Institute of Clinical Pharmacology Stuttgart Germany"},{"name":"University of T\u00fcbingen T\u00fcbingen Germany"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"A. 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