{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,5]],"date-time":"2026-10-05T01:42:38Z","timestamp":1791164558140,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":47,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2014,12,22]],"date-time":"2014-12-22T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1419206400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"funder":[{"name":"Boehringer Ingelheim, Germany"},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001659","name":"Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001659","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"crossref"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["J Intern Med"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2015,7]]},"abstract":"Abstract<\/jats:title>Background<\/jats:title>Resting heart rate (RHR<\/jats:styled-content>) is associated with cardiovascular disease outcomes in high\u2010risk patients. It is not known whether RHR<\/jats:styled-content> is predictive of renal outcomes such as albuminuria, end\u2010stage renal disease (ESRD<\/jats:styled-content>) or doubling of creatinine. We evaluated whether RHR<\/jats:styled-content> could predict renal endpoints in patients at a high risk of cardiovascular disease. We also tested the effects of RHR<\/jats:styled-content> at different levels of systolic blood pressure (SBP<\/jats:styled-content>).<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>Methods<\/jats:title>We analysed data from 28\u00a0757 patients in the ONTARGET and TRANSCEND trials. RHR<\/jats:styled-content> and SBP<\/jats:styled-content> were available for a mean of 4.9\u00a0\u00b1\u00a00.4 visits (range 3\u20135) within the first 2\u00a0years of the studies. Albuminuria was determined at baseline, at 2\u00a0years and at study end.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>Results<\/jats:title>Mean RHR<\/jats:styled-content> was predictive of incident micro\u2010albuminuria [hazard ratio (HR) for RHR<\/jats:styled-content> \u226580 vs. <60 beats\u00a0min\u22121<\/jats:sup> 1.49, 95% confidence interval (CI) 1.29\u20131.71, P\u00a0<\/jats:italic><\u00a0<\/jats:italic>0.0001], incident macro\u2010albuminuria (HR 1.84, 95% CI 1.39\u20132.42, P\u00a0<\/jats:italic><\u00a0<\/jats:italic>0.0001), doubling of creatinine (HR 1.47, 95% CI 1.00\u20132.17, P\u00a0<\/jats:italic>=\u00a0<\/jats:italic>0.050) and ESRD<\/jats:styled-content> (HR 1.78, 95% CI 1.00\u20133.16, P\u00a0<\/jats:italic>=\u00a0<\/jats:italic>0.050), and the combined renal end\u2010point (HR 1.51, 95% CI 1.32\u20131.74, P\u00a0<\/jats:italic><\u00a0<\/jats:italic>0.0001). Associations were robust at SBP<\/jats:styled-content>s from <120 to \u2265150\u00a0mmHg, with the lowest risk at a SBP<\/jats:styled-content> of 130\u2013140\u00a0mmHg.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>Conclusion<\/jats:title>Resting heart rate is a potent predictor of these renal outcomes, as well as their combination, in patients with cardiovascular disease. RHR<\/jats:styled-content> at all SBP<\/jats:styled-content> levels should be considered as a possible renal disease risk predictor and should be investigated as a treatment target with RHR<\/jats:styled-content>\u2010reducing agents.<\/jats:bold><\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1111\/joim.12333","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2014,11,27]],"date-time":"2014-11-27T15:30:47Z","timestamp":1417102247000},"page":"38-49","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":45,"title":["Resting heart rate is associated with renal disease outcomes in patients with vascular disease: results of the ONTARGET<\/scp> and TRANSCEND<\/scp> studies"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"278","author":[{"given":"M.","family":"B\u00f6hm","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Klinik f\u00fcr Innere Medizin III Universit\u00e4tsklinikum des Saarlandes Homburg Germany"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"H.","family":"Schumacher","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Boehringer Ingelheim Ingelheim Germany"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"R. E.","family":"Schmieder","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Nephrology and Hypertension Friedrich\u2010Alexander University Erlangen Germany"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"J. F. E.","family":"Mann","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Nephrology and Hypertension Klinikum Schwabing Munich Germany"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"K.","family":"Teo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Population Health Research Institute McMaster University Hamilton ON Canada"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"E.","family":"Lonn","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Population Health Research Institute McMaster University Hamilton ON Canada"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"P.","family":"Sleight","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Nuffield Department of Medicine John Radcliffe Hospital Oxford UK"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"G.","family":"Mancia","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"IRCCS Istituto Auxologico Italiano University of Milano\u2010Bicocca Milan Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"D.","family":"Linz","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Klinik f\u00fcr Innere Medizin III Universit\u00e4tsklinikum des Saarlandes Homburg Germany"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"F.","family":"Mahfoud","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Klinik f\u00fcr Innere Medizin III Universit\u00e4tsklinikum des Saarlandes Homburg Germany"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"C.","family":"Ukena","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Klinik f\u00fcr Innere Medizin III Universit\u00e4tsklinikum des Saarlandes Homburg Germany"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"K.","family":"Sliwa","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Hatter Institute for Cardiovascular Research in Africa and IIDMM Faculty of Health Sciences University of Cape Town Cape Town South Africa"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"G.","family":"Bakris","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Medicine University of Chicago Chicago IL USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"S.","family":"Yusuf","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Population Health Research Institute McMaster University Hamilton ON Canada"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2014,12,22]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_8_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJM199811123392007"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s00392-007-0510-3"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1046\/j.1523-1755.1998.00874.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ajkd.2003.07.015"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1161\/01.CIR.0000031732.78052.81"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_7_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1681\/ASN.2006050517"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_8_1","first-page":"S10","article-title":"Proteinuria is a risk factor for mortality over 10\u00a0years of follow\u2010up. 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