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In addition, in recent years the profound contribution of innate immunity to host defence against this disease has become evident. The discovery of pattern recognition receptors, which allow innate immunity to tailor its response to different infectious agents, has challenged the view that this arm of immunity is nonspecific. Evidence is now accumulating that innate immunity can remember a previous exposure to a microorganism and respond differently during a second exposure. Although the specificity and memory of innate immunity cannot compete with the highly sophisticated adaptive immune response, its contribution to host defence against infection and to vaccine\u2010induced immunity should not be underestimated and needs to be explored. Here, we present the concept of trained immunity and discuss how this may contribute to new avenues for control of\n                    <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">TB<\/jats:styled-content>\n                    .\n                  <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1111\/joim.12449","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2015,11,25]],"date-time":"2015-11-25T01:58:23Z","timestamp":1448416703000},"page":"337-346","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":51,"title":["Trained immunity: a new avenue for tuberculosis vaccine development"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"279","author":[{"given":"M.","family":"Lerm","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Microbiology and Molecular Medicine Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences Link\u00f6ping Sweden"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"M. 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