{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,25]],"date-time":"2026-09-25T05:11:11Z","timestamp":1790313071057,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":33,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"6","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2018,3,24]],"date-time":"2018-03-24T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1521849600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/100000002","name":"National Institutes of Health","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["T32AR048522"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["T32AR048522"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100000002","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100000002","name":"National Institutes of Health","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["P30CA006973"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["P30CA006973"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100000002","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["J Intern Med"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2018,6]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:sec><jats:title>Background<\/jats:title><jats:p>Use of the immune checkpoint inhibitor ipilimumab is sometimes complicated by ipilimumab\u2010associated colitis (Ipi\u2010AC), an immune\u2010mediated colitis that mimics inflammatory bowel disease.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Objective<\/jats:title><jats:p>We sought to characterize the histopathologic and immunophenotypic features of Ipi\u2010AC and to directly compare these features to ulcerative colitis (UC).<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title><jats:p>This is a retrospective cohort study of 22 patients with Ipi\u2010AC, 12 patients with treatment\u2010na\u00efve UC and five controls with diarrhoea but normal endoscopic findings. Immunohistopathologic features were described, and quantitative immunohistochemistry (IHC) was performed for CD4, CD8, CD20, CD138 and FOXP3.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Results<\/jats:title><jats:p>Endoscopic findings in both the Ipi\u2010AC and UC groups included ulcerated, oedematous and erythematous mucosa. Involvement of the GI tract was more diffuse in Ipi\u2010AC. As compared to UC, a smaller proportion of Ipi\u2010AC biopsies\u00a0had basal plasmacytosis (14% for Ipi\u2010AC vs. 92% for UC, <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\u00a0&lt;\u00a00.0001) and crypt distortion (23% for Ipi\u2010AC vs. 75% for UC, <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\u00a0=\u00a00.003), whereas Ipi\u2010AC biopsies had more apoptotic bodies in the left colon (17.6\u00a0\u00b1\u00a015.3 for\u00a0Ipi\u2010AC vs. 8.2\u00a0\u00b1\u00a04.2 for UC, <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\u00a0=\u00a00.011). Cryptitis, ulcerations and crypt abscesses were common in both groups. Biopsy specimens from Ipi\u2010AC had a lower density of CD20\u2010positive lymphocytes than UC (275.8\u00a0\u00b1 253.3 cells\u00a0mm<jats:sup>\u22122<\/jats:sup> for Ipi\u2010AC vs. 1173.3\u00a0\u00b1\u00a01158.2 cells\u00a0mm<jats:sup>\u22122<\/jats:sup> for\u00a0UC, <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\u00a0=\u00a00.022) but had a similar density of CD4, CD8, CD138 and FOXP3\u2010positive cells.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title><jats:p>Ipi\u2010AC is a distinct pathologic entity with notable clinical and histopathological differences compared to UC. These findings provide insights into the pathophysiology of immune\u2010related adverse events (iAEs) from ipilimumab therapy.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1111\/joim.12744","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2018,2,21]],"date-time":"2018-02-21T20:26:50Z","timestamp":1519244810000},"page":"568-577","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":57,"title":["Histopathological and immunophenotypic features of ipilimumab\u2010associated colitis compared to ulcerative colitis"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"283","author":[{"given":"B. L.","family":"Adler","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Rheumatology Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine Baltimore MD USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"M. K.","family":"Pezhouh","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pathology Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine Baltimore MD USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"A.","family":"Kim","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Gastroenterology Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine Baltimore MD USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"L.","family":"Luan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pathology Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine Baltimore MD USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Q.","family":"Zhu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pathology Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine Baltimore MD USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"F.","family":"Gani","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Surgery Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine Baltimore MD USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"M.","family":"Yarchoan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Medical Oncology Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine Baltimore MD USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"J.","family":"Chen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pathology H. Lee Moffitt Cancer and Research Institute Tampa FL USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"L.","family":"Voltaggio","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pathology Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine Baltimore MD USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"A.","family":"Parian","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Gastroenterology Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine Baltimore MD USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"M.","family":"Lazarev","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Gastroenterology Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine Baltimore MD USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"G. Y.","family":"Lauwers","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pathology H. Lee Moffitt Cancer and Research Institute Tampa FL USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"T. M.","family":"Pawlik","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Surgery Ohio State University Wexner Medical Center Columbus OH USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"E. A.","family":"Montgomery","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pathology Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine Baltimore MD USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"E.","family":"Jaffee","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Medical Oncology Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine Baltimore MD USA"},{"name":"The Bloomberg\u2010Kimmel Institute for Cancer Immunotherapy at Johns Hopkins Baltimore MD USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"D. 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