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The causes of <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">DCM<\/jats:styled-content> are heterogeneous. <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">DCM<\/jats:styled-content> often results from myocarditis, exposure to alcohol, drugs or other toxins and metabolic or endocrine disturbances. In about 35% of patients, genetic mutations can be identified that usually involve genes responsible for cytoskeletal, sarcomere and nuclear envelope proteins. Due to its heterogeneity, a detailed diagnostic work\u2010up is necessary to identify the specific underlying cause and exclude other conditions with phenotype overlap. Patients with <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">DCM<\/jats:styled-content> show typical systolic heart failure symptoms, but, with progress of the disease, diastolic dysfunction is present as well. Depending on the underlying pathology, <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">DCM<\/jats:styled-content> patients also become apparent through arrhythmias, thromboembolic events or cardiogenic shock. Disease progression and prognosis are mostly driven by disease severity and reverse remodelling within the heart. The worst prognosis is seen in patients with lowest ejection fractions or severe diastolic dysfunction, leading to terminal heart failure with subsequent need for left ventricular assist device implantation or heart transplantation. Guideline\u2010based heart failure medication and device therapy reduces the frequency of heart failure hospitalizations and improves survival.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1111\/joim.12944","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2019,5,27]],"date-time":"2019-05-27T16:18:50Z","timestamp":1558973930000},"page":"362-372","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":217,"title":["Dilated cardiomyopathy: from epidemiologic to genetic phenotypes"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"286","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-8559-5888","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"D.","family":"Reichart","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"From the University Heart Center Hamburg Hamburg Germany"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-5102-0955","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"C.","family":"Magnussen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"From the 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