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The aetiology is variable and attributed to several risk factors decreasing iron intake and absorption or increasing demand and loss, with multiple aetiologies often coexisting in an individual patient. Although presenting symptoms may be nonspecific, there is emerging evidence on the detrimental effects of iron deficiency anaemia on clinical outcomes across several medical conditions. Increased awareness about the consequences and prevalence of iron deficiency anaemia can aid early detection and management. Diagnosis can be easily made by measurement of haemoglobin and serum ferritin levels, whilst in chronic inflammatory conditions, diagnosis may be more challenging and necessitates consideration of higher serum ferritin thresholds and evaluation of transferrin saturation. Oral and intravenous formulations of iron supplementation are available, and several patient and disease\u2010related factors need to be considered before management decisions are made. This review provides recent updates and guidance on the diagnosis and management of iron deficiency anaemia in multiple clinical settings.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1111\/joim.13004","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2019,10,30]],"date-time":"2019-10-30T20:18:42Z","timestamp":1572466722000},"page":"153-170","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":444,"title":["Iron deficiency anaemia revisited"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"287","author":[{"given":"M. D.","family":"Cappellini","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Clinical Sciences and Community IRCCS Ca\u2019 Granda Foundation Maggiore Policlinico Hospital University of Milan Milan Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"K. M.","family":"Musallam","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"International Network of Hematology London UK"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"A. 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