{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,18]],"date-time":"2026-09-18T19:21:55Z","timestamp":1789759315743,"version":"4.0.1"},"reference-count":86,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"4","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2019,12,10]],"date-time":"2019-12-10T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1575936000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"funder":[{"name":"Strategic Research Program in Diabetes at Karolinska Institutet","award":["2009-1068"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["2009-1068"]}]},{"name":"European Union's Horizon 2020 research and innovation Program","award":["722609"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["722609"]}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["J Intern Med"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2020,4]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:sec><jats:title>Background<\/jats:title><jats:p>Patients with chronic kidney disease stage 5 (CKD5) are predisposed to vascular calcification (VC), but the combined effect of factors associated with VC was sparsely investigated. We applied the relaxed linear separability (RLS) feature selection model to identify features that concomitantly associate with VC in CKD5 patients.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title><jats:p>Epigastric arteries collected during surgery from living donor kidney transplant recipients were examined to score the histological extent of medial VC. Sixty\u2010two phenotypic features in 152 patients were entered into RLS model to differentiate between <jats:italic>no<\/jats:italic>\u2013<jats:italic>minimal<\/jats:italic> VC (<jats:italic>n<\/jats:italic>\u00a0=\u00a093; score 0\u20101) and <jats:italic>moderate<\/jats:italic>\u2013<jats:italic>extensive<\/jats:italic> VC (<jats:italic>n<\/jats:italic>\u00a0=\u00a059; score 2\u20103). The subset of features associated with VC was selected on the basis of cross\u2010validation procedure. The strength of association of the selected features with VC was expressed by the absolute value of \u2018RLS factor\u2019.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Results<\/jats:title><jats:p>Among 62 features, a subset of 17 features provided optimal prediction of VC with 89% of patients correctly classified into their groups. The 17 features included traditional risk factors (diabetes, age, cholesterol, BMI and male sex) and markers of bone metabolism, endothelial function, metabolites, serum antibodies and mitochondrial\u2010derived peptide. Positive RLS factors range from 1.26 to 4.05 indicating features associated with increased risk of VC, and negative RLS factors range from \u22120.95 to \u22121.83 indicating features associated with reduced risk of VC.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title><jats:p>The RLS model identified 17 features including novel biomarkers and traditional risk factors that together concomitantly associated with medial VC. These results may inform further investigations of factors promoting VC in CKD5 patients.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1111\/joim.13012","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2019,12,11]],"date-time":"2019-12-11T06:30:15Z","timestamp":1576045815000},"page":"422-434","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":14,"title":["Phenotypic features of vascular calcification in chronic kidney disease"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"287","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-9036-3857","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"L.","family":"Dai","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"From the Renal Medicine and Baxter Novum Department of Clinical Science, Intervention and Technology Karolinska Institutet Stockholm Sweden"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"M.","family":"Debowska","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department for Mathematical Modeling of Physiological Processes Nalecz Institute of Biocybernetics and Biomedical Engineering Polish Academy of Sciences Warsaw Poland"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"T.","family":"Lukaszuk","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Faculty of Computer Science Bialystok University of Technology Bialystok Poland"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"L.","family":"Bobrowski","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department for Mathematical Modeling of Physiological Processes Nalecz Institute of Biocybernetics and Biomedical Engineering Polish Academy of Sciences Warsaw Poland"},{"name":"Faculty of Computer Science Bialystok University of Technology Bialystok Poland"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"P.","family":"Barany","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"From the Renal Medicine and Baxter Novum Department of Clinical Science, Intervention and Technology Karolinska Institutet Stockholm Sweden"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"M.","family":"S\u00f6derberg","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Pathology, Clinical Pharmacology and Safety Sciences AstraZeneca R&amp;D Gothenburg Sweden"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"D.","family":"Thiagarajan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Unit of Immunology and Chronic Disease Institute of Environmental Medicine Karolinska Institutet Stockholm Sweden"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-3569-3367","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"J.","family":"Frosteg\u00e5rd","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Unit of Immunology and Chronic Disease Institute of Environmental Medicine Karolinska Institutet Stockholm Sweden"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"L.","family":"Wennberg","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Transplantation Surgery Department of Clinical Science, Intervention and Technology Karolinska Institutet Stockholm Sweden"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"B.","family":"Lindholm","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"From the Renal Medicine and Baxter Novum Department of Clinical Science, Intervention and Technology Karolinska Institutet Stockholm Sweden"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-0536-5327","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"A. R.","family":"Qureshi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"From the Renal Medicine and Baxter Novum Department of Clinical Science, Intervention and Technology Karolinska Institutet Stockholm Sweden"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"J.","family":"Waniewski","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department for Mathematical Modeling of Physiological Processes Nalecz Institute of Biocybernetics and Biomedical Engineering Polish Academy of Sciences Warsaw Poland"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-8785-4820","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"P.","family":"Stenvinkel","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"From the Renal Medicine and Baxter Novum Department of Clinical Science, Intervention and Technology Karolinska Institutet Stockholm Sweden"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2019,12,10]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_7_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2147\/VHRM.S1094"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.csbj.2019.06.015"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/nrneph.2014.185"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/ndt\/gfg414"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2215\/CJN.02120508"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_7_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/s12882-015-0067-8"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_8_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1161\/hy1001.096358"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_9_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.atherosclerosis.2005.10.010"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_10_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/HJH.0b013e3282f82c3e"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_11_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1161\/CIRCRESAHA.110.234914"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_12_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/nrcardio.2010.115"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_13_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1152\/ajprenal.00163.2014"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_14_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/nrneph.2013.176"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_15_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.kint.2017.07.019"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_16_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/HJH.0000000000001202"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_17_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s11914-015-0270-3"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_18_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1161\/JAHA.118.009012"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_19_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1681\/ASN.2007080854"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_20_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1681\/ASN.2011121191"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_21_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s00774-005-0668-6"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_22_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1161\/CIRCRESAHA.116.305012"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_23_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/ndt\/gfw066"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_24_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0086630"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_25_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/ki.2015.194"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_26_1","first-page":"43","article-title":"Feature selection based on relaxed linear separability","volume":"29","author":"Bobrowski L","year":"2009","journal-title":"Biocybern Biomed Eng"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_27_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/978-3-540-24844-6_81"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_28_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1161\/CIRCIMAGING.111.964528"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_29_1","first-page":"102","article-title":"Predictors of atherosclerotic events in patients on haemodialysis: post hoc analyses from the AURORA study","volume":"33","author":"Solbu MD","year":"2018","journal-title":"Nephrol Dial Transplant"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_30_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.atherosclerosis.2018.08.046"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_31_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/ndt\/gfy287"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_32_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2337\/dc18-1527"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_33_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.abb.2008.03.018"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_34_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/ndt\/gfv081"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_35_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/nrrheum.2012.120"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_36_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1161\/01.RES.0000149165.99974.12"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_37_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/s41232-016-0016-3"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_38_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/ndt\/gfl429"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_39_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/eurheartj\/ehu163"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_40_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jacc.2008.04.004"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_41_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/nm1351"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_42_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/74725"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_43_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1681\/ASN.2013050542"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_44_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1161\/circ.104.16.1881"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_45_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jacc.2016.08.040"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_46_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1074\/jbc.M606706200"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_47_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1074\/jbc.M111.269639"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_48_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/eci.12718"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_49_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1161\/01.CIR.67.5.968"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_50_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1525-139X.2007.00349.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_51_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(06)69251-9"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_52_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.atherosclerosis.2011.11.020"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_53_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.atherosclerosis.2018.02.031"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_54_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1001\/jamanetworkopen.2019.10456"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_55_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.metabol.2013.09.018"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_56_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.dsx.2012.05.007"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_57_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.atherosclerosis.2018.02.014"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_58_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/ar3322"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_59_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.amjcard.2013.12.022"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_60_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1159\/000087713"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_61_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1681\/ASN.2006030264"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_62_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/1741-7015-11-117"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_63_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/ndt\/gfp309"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_64_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.atherosclerosis.2017.11.010"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_65_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.clim.2016.04.007"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_66_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.atherosclerosis.2005.10.017"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_67_1","first-page":"4694","article-title":"T3 inhibits the calcification of vascular smooth muscle cells and the potential mechanism","volume":"8","author":"Chang X","year":"2016","journal-title":"Am J Transl Res"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_68_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1161\/ATVBAHA.114.303889"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_69_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/joim.12107"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_70_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1161\/01.RES.0000181431.04290.bd"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_71_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0009-8981(02)00026-8"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_72_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.5414\/CNP71387"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_73_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/ar2631"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_74_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cca.2011.01.035"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_75_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1113\/JP274472"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_76_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1089\/rej.2018.2114"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_77_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.18632\/aging.101463"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_78_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1161\/JAHA.116.004415"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_79_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1161\/01.ATV.0000236428.91125.e6"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_80_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s00198-019-04974-z"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_81_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1681\/ASN.2014070686"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_82_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1161\/ATVBAHA.113.303062"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_83_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1161\/01.ATV.17.6.1135"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_84_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/ajcn\/80.3.539"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_85_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1161\/JAHA.117.006524"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_86_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s11010-015-2432-0"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_87_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.lfs.2003.06.028"}],"container-title":["Journal of Internal Medicine"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/api.wiley.com\/onlinelibrary\/tdm\/v1\/articles\/10.1111%2Fjoim.13012","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1111\/joim.13012","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/full-xml\/10.1111\/joim.13012","content-type":"application\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1111\/joim.13012","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2023,9,7]],"date-time":"2023-09-07T05:56:04Z","timestamp":1694066164000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/10.1111\/joim.13012"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2019,12,10]]},"references-count":86,"journal-issue":{"issue":"4","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2020,4]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1111\/joim.13012"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1111\/joim.13012","archive":["Portico"],"relation":{},"ISSN":["0954-6820","1365-2796"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0954-6820","type":"print"},{"value":"1365-2796","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2019,12,10]]},"assertion":[{"value":"2019-05-30","order":0,"name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"2019-11-05","order":1,"name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"2019-12-10","order":2,"name":"published","label":"Published","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}}]}}