{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,10]],"date-time":"2026-10-10T04:37:11Z","timestamp":1791607031038,"version":"4.3.4"},"reference-count":22,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"3","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2020,6,17]],"date-time":"2020-06-17T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1592352000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["J Intern Med"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2020,9]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Background<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>The clinical presentation of European patients with mild\u2010to\u2010moderate COVID\u201019 infection is still unknown.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Objective<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>To study the clinical presentation of COVID\u201019 in Europe.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Patients with positive diagnosis of COVID\u201019 were recruited from 18 European hospitals. Epidemiological and clinical data were obtained through a standardized questionnaire. Bayesian analysis was used for analysing the relationship between outcomes.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>A total of 1,420 patients completed the study (962 females, 30.7% of healthcare workers). The mean age of patients was 39.17\u00a0\u00b1\u00a012.09\u00a0years. The most common symptoms were headache (70.3%), loss of smell (70.2%), nasal obstruction (67.8%), cough (63.2%), asthenia (63.3%), myalgia (62.5%), rhinorrhea (60.1%), gustatory dysfunction (54.2%) and sore throat (52.9%). Fever was reported by 45.4%. The mean duration of COVID\u201019 symptoms of mild\u2010to\u2010moderate cured patients was 11.5\u00a0\u00b1\u00a05.7\u00a0days. The prevalence of symptoms significantly varied according to age and sex. Young patients more frequently had ear, nose and throat complaints, whereas elderly individuals often presented fever, fatigue and loss of appetite. Loss of smell, headache, nasal obstruction and fatigue were more prevalent in female patients. The loss of smell was a key symptom of mild\u2010to\u2010moderate COVID\u201019 patients and was not associated with nasal obstruction and rhinorrhea. Loss of smell persisted at least 7\u00a0days after the disease in 37.5% of cured patients.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>The clinical presentation of mild\u2010to\u2010moderate COVID\u201019 substantially varies according to the age and the sex characteristics of patients. Olfactory dysfunction seems to be an important underestimated symptom of mild\u2010to\u2010moderate COVID\u201019 that needs to be recognized as such by the WHO.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1111\/joim.13089","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2020,4,30]],"date-time":"2020-04-30T15:06:31Z","timestamp":1588259191000},"page":"335-344","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":633,"title":["Clinical and epidemiological characteristics of 1420 European patients with mild\u2010to\u2010moderate coronavirus disease 2019"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"288","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-0845-0845","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Jerome R.","family":"Lechien","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"From COVID\u201019 Task Force of the Young\u2010Otolaryngologists of the International Federations of Oto\u2010rhino\u2010laryngological Societies (YO\u2010IFOS) Paris France"},{"name":"Department of Human Anatomy and Experimental Oncology Faculty of Medicine UMONS Research Institute for Health Sciences and Technology University of Mons (UMons) Mons Belgium"},{"name":"Department of Head and Neck Surgery Foch Hospital School of Medicine UFR Simone Veil Universit\u00e9 Versailles Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines (Paris Saclay University) Paris France"},{"name":"Department of Otorhinolaryngology and Head and Neck Surgery CHU de Bruxelles CHU Saint\u2010Pierre School of Medicine Universit\u00e9 Libre de Bruxelles Brussels Belgium"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Carlos M.","family":"Chiesa\u2010Estomba","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"From COVID\u201019 Task Force of the Young\u2010Otolaryngologists of the International Federations of Oto\u2010rhino\u2010laryngological Societies (YO\u2010IFOS) Paris France"},{"name":"Department of Otorhinolaryngology\u2010Head &amp; Neck Surgery Hospital Universitario Donostia San Sebastian Spain"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Sammy","family":"Place","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"From COVID\u201019 Task Force of the Young\u2010Otolaryngologists of the International Federations of Oto\u2010rhino\u2010laryngological Societies (YO\u2010IFOS) Paris France"},{"name":"Department of Internal Medicine, Infectiology EpiCURA Hospital Baudour Belgium"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yves","family":"Van Laethem","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Internal Medicine, Infectiology CHU Saint\u2010Pierre Brussels Belgium"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Pierre","family":"Cabaraux","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"From COVID\u201019 Task Force of the Young\u2010Otolaryngologists of the International Federations of Oto\u2010rhino\u2010laryngological Societies (YO\u2010IFOS) Paris France"},{"name":"Department of Medicine Neurology CHU de Charleroi Charleroi Belgium"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Quentin","family":"Mat","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"From COVID\u201019 Task Force of the Young\u2010Otolaryngologists of the International Federations of Oto\u2010rhino\u2010laryngological Societies (YO\u2010IFOS) Paris France"},{"name":"Department of Medicine Neurology CHU de Charleroi Charleroi Belgium"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Kathy","family":"Huet","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"From COVID\u201019 Task Force of the Young\u2010Otolaryngologists of the International Federations of Oto\u2010rhino\u2010laryngological Societies (YO\u2010IFOS) Paris France"},{"name":"Department of Statistics, Language Sciences University of Mons Mons Belgium"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jan","family":"Plzak","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Otolaryngology \u2013 Head &amp; Neck Surgery 1st Faculty of Medicine University Hospital Motol Prague Czech Republic"},{"name":"Confederation of European Otorhinolaryngology\u2010Head &amp; Neck Surgery Vienna Austria"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Mihaela","family":"Horoi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"From COVID\u201019 Task Force of the Young\u2010Otolaryngologists of the International Federations of Oto\u2010rhino\u2010laryngological Societies (YO\u2010IFOS) Paris France"},{"name":"Department of Otorhinolaryngology and Head and Neck Surgery CHU de Bruxelles CHU Saint\u2010Pierre School of Medicine Universit\u00e9 Libre de Bruxelles Brussels Belgium"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"St\u00e9phane","family":"Hans","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"From COVID\u201019 Task Force of the Young\u2010Otolaryngologists of the International Federations of Oto\u2010rhino\u2010laryngological Societies (YO\u2010IFOS) Paris France"},{"name":"Department of Head and Neck Surgery Foch Hospital School of Medicine UFR Simone Veil Universit\u00e9 Versailles Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines (Paris Saclay University) Paris France"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Maria","family":"Rosaria Barillari","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"From COVID\u201019 Task Force of the Young\u2010Otolaryngologists of the International Federations of Oto\u2010rhino\u2010laryngological Societies (YO\u2010IFOS) Paris France"},{"name":"Department of Mental and Physical Health and Preventive Medicine University of L. 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