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Although previous studies have identified genetic loci influencing T1D diagnosis age, these studies did not investigate the genome with high resolution.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Objective and methods<\/jats:title><jats:p>We performed a genome\u2010wide meta\u2010analysis for age at diagnosis with cohorts from Finland (Finnish Diabetic Nephropathy Study), the United Kingdom (UK Genetic Resource Investigating Diabetes) and Sardinia. Through SNP associations, transcriptome\u2010wide association analysis linked T1D diagnosis age and gene expression.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Results<\/jats:title><jats:p>We identified two chromosomal regions associated with T1D diagnosis age: multiple independent variants in the HLA region on chromosome 6 and a locus on chromosome 17q12. We performed gene\u2010level association tests with transcriptome prediction models from two whole blood datasets, lymphocyte cell line, spleen, pancreas and small intestine tissues. Of the non\u2010HLA genes, lower <jats:italic>PNMT<\/jats:italic> expression in whole blood, and higher <jats:italic>IKZF3<\/jats:italic> and <jats:italic>ZPBP2<\/jats:italic>, and lower <jats:italic>ORMDL3<\/jats:italic> and <jats:italic>GSDMB<\/jats:italic> transcription levels in multiple tissues were associated with lower T1D diagnosis age (FDR\u00a0=\u00a00.05). These genes lie on chr17q12 which is associated with T1D, other autoimmune diseases, and childhood asthma. Additionally, higher expression of <jats:italic>PHF20L1<\/jats:italic>, a gene not previously implicated in T1D, was associated with lower diagnosis age in lymphocytes, pancreas, and spleen. Altogether, the non\u2010HLA associations were enriched in open chromatin in various blood cells, blood vessel tissues and foetal thymus tissue.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title><jats:p>Multiple genes on chr17q12 and <jats:italic>PHF20L1<\/jats:italic> on chr8 were associated with T1D diagnosis age and only further studies may elucidate the role of these genes for immunity and T1D onset.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1111\/joim.13187","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2020,11,12]],"date-time":"2020-11-12T06:33:54Z","timestamp":1605162834000},"page":"662-674","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":28,"title":["Genome\u2010wide search for genes affecting the age at diagnosis of type 1 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