{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,26]],"date-time":"2026-06-26T06:42:33Z","timestamp":1782456153376,"version":"3.54.5"},"reference-count":47,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2021,2,10]],"date-time":"2021-02-10T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1612915200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["J Intern Med"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2021,7]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:sec><jats:title>Background<\/jats:title><jats:p>The significance of chronic kidney disease on susceptibility to COVID\u201019 and subsequent outcomes remains unaddressed.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Objective<\/jats:title><jats:p>To investigate the association of estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR) on risk of contracting COVID\u201019 and subsequent adverse outcomes.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title><jats:p>Rates of hospital\u2010diagnosed COVID\u201019 were compared across strata of eGFR based on conditional logistic regression using a nested case\u2013control framework with 1:4 matching of patients diagnosed with COVID\u201019 with controls from the Danish general population on age, gender, diabetes and hypertension. Risk of subsequent severe COVID\u201019 or death was assessed in a cohort study with comparisons across strata of eGFR based on adjusted Cox regression models with G\u2010computation of results to determine 60\u2010day risk standardized to the distribution of risk factors in the sample.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Results<\/jats:title><jats:p>Estimated glomerular filtration rate was inversely associated with rate of hospital\u2010diagnosed COVID\u201019: eGFR 61\u201390\u00a0mL\/min\/1.73m<jats:sup>2<\/jats:sup> HR 1.13 (95% CI 1.03\u20131.25), <jats:italic>P\u00a0<\/jats:italic>=\u00a00.011; eGFR 46\u201360 mL\/min\/1.73m<jats:sup>2<\/jats:sup>\u00a0 HR 1.26 (95% CI 1.06\u20131.50), <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\u00a0=\u00a00.008; eGFR 31\u201345\u00a0mL\/min\/1.73m<jats:sup>2<\/jats:sup> HR 1.68 (95% CI 1.34\u20132.11), <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\u00a0&lt;\u00a00.001; and eGFR\u00a0\u2264\u00a030\u00a0mL\/min\/1.73m<jats:sup>2<\/jats:sup> 3.33 (95% CI 2.50\u20134.42), <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\u00a0&lt;\u00a00.001 (eGFR\u00a0&gt;\u00a090\u00a0mL\/min\/1.73m<jats:sup>2<\/jats:sup> as reference), and renal impairment was associated with progressive increase in standardized 60\u2010day risk of death or severe COVID\u201019; eGFR\u00a0&gt;\u00a090\u00a0mL\/min\/1.73m<jats:sup>2<\/jats:sup> 13.9% (95% CI 9.7\u201315.0); eGFR 90\u201361\u00a0mL\/min\/1.73m<jats:sup>2<\/jats:sup> 16.1% (95% CI 14.5\u201317.7); eGFR 46\u201360\u00a0mL\/min\/1.73m<jats:sup>2<\/jats:sup> 17.8% (95% CI 14.7\u201321.2); eGFR 31\u201345\u00a0mL\/min\/1.73m<jats:sup>2<\/jats:sup> 22.6% (95% CI 18.2\u201326.2); and eGFR\u00a0\u2264\u00a030\u00a0mL\/min\/1.73m<jats:sup>2<\/jats:sup> 23.6% (95% CI 18.1\u201329.1).<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title><jats:p>Renal insufficiency was associated with progressive increase in both rate of hospital\u2010diagnosed COVID\u201019 and subsequent risk of adverse outcomes. Results underscore a possible vulnerability associated with impaired renal function in relation to COVID\u201019.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1111\/joim.13239","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2021,1,16]],"date-time":"2021-01-16T09:28:30Z","timestamp":1610789310000},"page":"166-178","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":55,"title":["Increased vulnerability to COVID\u201019 in chronic kidney disease"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"290","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-4374-470X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"N.","family":"Carlson","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"From the Department of Nephrology Copenhagen University Hospital Rigshospitalet Kobenhavn Denmark"},{"name":"The Research Department The Danish Heart Foundation Copenhagen 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