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To investigate whether inflammation\/malnutrition confounds the associations between lipids and mortality, we studied a full lipid profile comprising of five clinically well\u2010established lipid parameters and its associations with mortality in a large, multinational European cohort with a median follow\u2010up &gt;3\u00a0years.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title><jats:p>The association between quartiles of total, high\u2010density lipoprotein (HDL), non\u2010HDL, low\u2010density lipoprotein (LDL) cholesterol, as well as triglyceride, levels and the end\u2010points of all\u2010cause, cardiovascular and non\u2010cardiovascular mortality was assessed in a cohort of 5,382 incident, adult haemodialysis patients from &gt;250 Fresenius Medical Care dialysis centres out of 14 participating countries using baseline and time\u2010dependent Cox models. Analyses were fully adjusted and stratified for inflammation\/malnutrition status and other patient\u2010level variables.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Results<\/jats:title><jats:p>Time\u2010dependent quartiles of total, HDL, non\u2010HDL and LDL cholesterol were inversely associated with the hazard for all\u2010cause, cardiovascular and non\u2010cardiovascular mortality. Compared with the lowest quartile of the respective lipid parameter, hazard ratios of other quartiles were &lt;0.86. Similar, albeit weaker, associations were found with baseline lipid profile and mortality. Neither time\u2010dependent nor baseline associations between lipid profile and mortality were affected by inflammation\/malnutrition, statin use or geography.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title><jats:p>Baseline and time\u2010dependent lipid profile are inversely associated with mortality in a large, multicentre cohort of incident haemodialysis patients. Inflammation\/malnutrition is not a confounder nor effect modificator of the associations between lipid profile and mortality in European haemodialysis patients.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1111\/joim.13291","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2021,5,17]],"date-time":"2021-05-17T09:53:47Z","timestamp":1621245227000},"page":"910-921","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":18,"title":["Time\u2010dependent lipid profile inversely associates with mortality in hemodialysis patients \u2013 independent of inflammation\/malnutrition"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"290","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-1683-9276","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"T.","family":"Ebert","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"From the Division of Renal Medicine Department of Clinical Science, Intervention and Technology Karolinska Institutet Stockholm Sweden"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-0536-5327","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"A. 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