{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,3]],"date-time":"2026-03-03T02:27:38Z","timestamp":1772504858046,"version":"3.50.1"},"reference-count":28,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"5","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2022,8,18]],"date-time":"2022-08-18T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1660780800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc-nd\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100005416","name":"Norges Forskningsr\u00e5d","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["312780"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["312780"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100005416","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["J Intern Med"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2022,11]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:sec><jats:title>Background<\/jats:title><jats:p>T\u2010cell activation is associated with an adverse outcome in COVID\u201019, but whether T\u2010cell activation and exhaustion relate to persistent respiratory dysfunction and death is unknown.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Objectives<\/jats:title><jats:p>To investigate whether T\u2010cell activation and exhaustion persist and are associated with prolonged respiratory dysfunction and death after hospitalization for COVID\u201019.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title><jats:p>Plasma and serum from two Norwegian cohorts of hospitalized patients with COVID\u201019 (<jats:italic>n<\/jats:italic> = 414) were analyzed for soluble (s) markers of T\u2010cell activation (sCD25) and exhaustion (sTim\u20103) during hospitalization and follow\u2010up.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Results<\/jats:title><jats:p>Both markers were strongly associated with acute respiratory failure, but only sTim\u20103 was independently associated with 60\u2010day mortality. Levels of sTim\u20103 remained elevated 3 and 12 months after hospitalization and were associated with pulmonary radiological pathology after 3 months.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title><jats:p>Our findings suggest prolonged T\u2010cell exhaustion is an important immunological sequela, potentially related to long\u2010term outcomes after severe COVID\u201019.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1111\/joim.13549","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2022,8,19]],"date-time":"2022-08-19T05:20:24Z","timestamp":1660886424000},"page":"816-828","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":8,"title":["Persistent T\u2010cell exhaustion in relation to prolonged pulmonary pathology and death after severe COVID\u201019: Results from two Norwegian cohort 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