{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,1]],"date-time":"2026-08-01T00:44:03Z","timestamp":1785545043120,"version":"3.56.0"},"reference-count":64,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"5","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2024,3,4]],"date-time":"2024-03-04T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1709510400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc-nd\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["J Intern Med"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2024,5]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:sec><jats:title>Background<\/jats:title><jats:p>The immune reconstitution after allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (allo\u2010HSCT) is crucial for preventing infections and relapse and enhancing graft\u2010versus\u2010tumor effects. B cells play an important role in humoral immunity and immune regulation, but their reconstitution after allo\u2010HSCT has not been well studied.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title><jats:p>In this study, we analyzed the dynamics of B cells in 252 patients who underwent allo\u2010HSCT for 2 years and assessed the impact of factors on B\u2010cell reconstitution and their correlations with survival outcomes, as well as the development stages of B cells in the bone marrow and the subsets in the peripheral blood.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Results<\/jats:title><jats:p>We found that the B\u2010cell reconstitution in the bone marrow was consistent with the peripheral blood (<jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\u00a0=\u00a00.232). B\u2010cell reconstitution was delayed by the male gender, age &gt;50, older donor age, the occurrence of chronic and acute graft\u2010versus\u2010host disease, and the infections of fungi and cytomegalovirus. The survival analysis revealed that patients with lower B cells had higher risks of death and relapse. More importantly, we used propensity score matching to obtain the conclusion that post\u20101\u2010year B\u2010cell reconstitution is better in females. Meanwhile, using mediation analysis, we proposed the age\u2010B cells\u2010survival axis and found that B\u2010cell reconstitution at month 12 posttransplant mediated the effect of age on patient survival (<jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\u00a0=\u00a00.013). We also found that younger patients showed more immature B cells in the bone marrow after transplantation (<jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\u00a0=\u00a00.037).<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title><jats:p>Our findings provide valuable insights for optimizing the management of B\u2010cell reconstitution and improving the efficacy and safety of allo\u2010HSCT.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1111\/joim.13776","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,3,5]],"date-time":"2024-03-05T04:39:22Z","timestamp":1709613562000},"page":"634-650","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":16,"title":["The dynamics of B\u2010cell reconstitution post allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation: A real\u2010world study"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"295","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0009-0155-7832","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Guangyu","family":"Zhou","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Hematology The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University  Chongqing P. 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